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Letter #727

Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS
Chambéry, 1531-12-16

English register:

De Schepper has spent a few days in Chambéry, where he has held discussions with the Duke of Savoy [Charles III]. He found the Duchess [Beatrice of Portugal] quite civilised.

The outcome of the case [the armed conflict between the Swiss Protestant and Roman Catholic cantons] was as expected. After the double defeat the people of Zürich have forced the magistrates to conduct peace negotiations.

De Schepper gives a summary of the peace treaty between the five Catholic cantons and Zürich that was concluded on 16 November 1531. The five cantons were initially reluctant to conclude peace with Bern. Eventually a treaty was concluded on 24 November in the presence of the ambassadors of France, Savoy, Ernst Margrave of Baden, the Duchess of Longueville [Jeanne de Hochberg] and the three cantons that had remained neutral. The conditions are largely the same as those for Zürich. The differences are listed by De Schepper.

On 4 December there was an uprising of the common people in Bern, in which additional demands were made. As the turmoil continues, it is believed that peace will not last.

De Schepper will travel to Milan, and then return to the Emperor [Charles V]. He gives instructions on forwarding their correspondence.


            received Brussels, [1531]-12-30

Manuscript sources:
1fair copy in Latin, autograph, AAWO, AB, D. 3, f. 61-62
2copy in Latin, 16th-century, GStA PK, XX. HA Hist. StA Königsberg, HBA, C 2, No. 23
3copy in Latin, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8242 (TK 4), a.1531, f. 99-102

Auxiliary sources:
1register in German, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8246 (TK 8), f. 452
2register in English, 20th-century, CBKUL, R.III, 31, No. 252

Prints:
1DE VOCHT 1961 No. DE, 183, p. 119-120 (English register)
2BENNINGHOVEN No. 23, p. 17-18 (German register)
3CEID 2/2 (Letter No. 39) p. 174-180 (in extenso; English register)

 

Text & apparatus & commentaryPlain textText & commentaryText & apparatus

 

AAWO, AB, D. 3, f. 62v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Culmensi, serenissimi Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊Poloniae regisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ oratori, domino tamquam orig. tanquam⌈tamquamtamquam orig. tanquam⌉ patri honorandissimo

AAWO, AB, D. 3, f. 61r

Salutem plurimam.

Tandem incolumis perveni Chambéry, city in southeastern France, from 1295 to 1563 the capital of Savoy⌊ChamberiacumChambéry, city in southeastern France, from 1295 to 1563 the capital of Savoy⌋ Allobrogum,[1] ubi regia est ducum Savoy (Sabaudia), duchy in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, state of the Holy Roman Empire, today partially in Italy, partially in France⌊SabaudiaeSavoy (Sabaudia), duchy in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, state of the Holy Roman Empire, today partially in Italy, partially in France⌋. Ibi aliquot dies substiti, ut cum Charles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌊duceCharles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌋ tractarem. Inveni prudentem principem et aptum ad res, et qui me singulari humanitate prosecutus orig. prosequutus⌈prosecutusprosecutus orig. prosequutus⌉ est. Cum Beatrice of Portugal (*1504 – †1538), daughter of King Manuel I of Portugal, and sister of Isabella of Portugal, the wife of Emperor Charles V; Duchess of Savoy by marriage (1521) to Duke Charles III of Savoy⌊ducissaBeatrice of Portugal (*1504 – †1538), daughter of King Manuel I of Portugal, and sister of Isabella of Portugal, the wife of Emperor Charles V; Duchess of Savoy by marriage (1521) to Duke Charles III of Savoy⌋ subinde locutus orig. loquutus⌈locutuslocutus orig. loquutus⌉ sum estque valde benignis moribus et decentibus. Credo exuisse Lusitanismum, cum mari deferretur ad Charles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌊coniugemCharles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌋. Quod ad res attinet, sicut vaticinabare, ita evenit. Nam post acceptam geminam cladem[2] vulgus Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinorumCitizens of Zürich ⌋ misit legatos ad victores recepitque sese defecturum ad illos aut inducturum dominos ad pacem componendam. Proinde coactus est magistratus pacisci. Summa vero condicionum orig. conditionum⌈condicionumcondicionum orig. conditionum⌉ inter quinque cantones, scilicet Luzern, canton in Switzerland⌊LucernanosLuzern, canton in Switzerland⌋, Uri, canton in Switzerland⌊UriosUri, canton in Switzerland⌋, Schwyz, canton in Switzerland⌊SchwytzSchwyz, canton in Switzerland⌋, Unterwalden, canton in Switzerland⌊UnderwalldenUnterwalden, canton in Switzerland⌋ et Zug, canton in Switzerland⌊ZugZug, canton in Switzerland⌋[3], et Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinosCitizens of Zürich ⌋ haec est:[4]

1.[5] Quinque cantones et ipsorum confoederati, scilicet inhabitants of Wallis ⌊Walliinhabitants of Wallis ⌋ olim Seduni[6] et Veragri[7] servabuntur a Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋ in vera indubitata Christiana fide in suis locis sine disputatione et argumentis. Similiter Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ in sua fide permittentur vivere a quinque cantonibus. Auxiliares utriusque partis concluduntur in foedere exceptis aliquot paucis vicis, quos noluere quinque cantones suscipere in gratiam, sed castigationi suae reservant, quae tamen debeat esse moderata sive punitione sive iure.

2. Utraque pars fruetur antiquis privilegiis et dominiis ab olim habitis.

(Qui est magnus articulus, nam Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ ut fortiores ademerant ms 2 cantonibus,
ms 1 canton[i]bus text damaged⌈cantonibusms 2 cantonibus,
ms 1 canton[i]bus text damaged⌉ medias partes vicorum et oppidorum, quas prius cum illis habuerant communes ex vi primi foederis initi.)

Sed si qui sunt utrimque, qui volunt vivere in nova fide aut in veteri, permittantur illaesi orig. illesi⌈illaesiillaesi orig. illesi⌉. Bona ecclesiarum non tam praedicantibus, quam aliis sacerdotibus dividentur. Nemini probro erit sic vel sic credidisse.

3. Servabitur antiquum compromissum initum inter cantones a maioribus ipsorum, dum primo se vindicarunt orig. vendicarunt⌈vindicaruntvindicarunt orig. vendicarunt⌉ in libertatem,

et non poterint Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ alia dominia vel regimina, quae ad eos non attinent, sibi applicare.

Per hunc articulum excluditur omnis susceptio in tutelam vicinorum oppidorum, quam Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ et Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensesCitizens of Bern ⌋ valde usurpare solebant.[8]

4. Omnes contractus cum aliis principibus initos Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ rescindunt, similiter et quinque cantones.

5 adscribed in place of crossed-out 2⌈2 5 5 adscribed in place of crossed-out 2⌉. Duo milia quingentos scutos auri receptos a Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋ ms 2 participabunt,
ms 1 participabu[...] paper damaged⌈participabuntms 2 participabunt,
ms 1 participabu[...] paper damaged⌉ quinque cantones. Item centum alios. Si compertum fuerit, quod Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ ms 2 exuserint,
ms 1 ex[...]serint paper damaged⌈exuserintms 2 exuserint,
ms 1 ex[...]serint paper damaged⌉ ecclesias, abstulerint imagines divorum quinque cantonum, tunc tenebuntur damna reparare. De tribus ecclesiis fatentur, quae sunt ms 2 subditae,
ms 1 subdi[...] paper damaged⌈subditaems 2 subditae,
ms 1 subdi[...] paper damaged⌉ illis de Zug, canton in Switzerland⌊ZugZug, canton in Switzerland⌋, pro quibus submittunt se determinationi quattuor cantonum Christianorum. De damnis belli post pacem tractabunt. Si non concordaverint, iure agent secundum contentum articulorum compromissi ms 2 veteris,
ms 1 veteri[...] paper damaged⌈veterisms 2 veteris,
ms 1 veteri[...] paper damaged⌉, cuius superius facta est mentio.

AAWO, AB, D. 3, f. 61v

6. In actionibus iuris stetur compromisso veteri. Si quis recuset, tenebuntur alii cantones eum, qui ius petit, manutenere et defendere corpore et bonis, prout maiores ipsorum facere sunt soliti.

7. Restituetur utrimque, quod ante initium belli ademptum est. Si non potest, recompensabitur.

8. Captivi liberabuntur utrimque. Si plures sunt Citizens of Zürich ⌊TiguriniCitizens of Zürich ⌋ quam quinque cantonum, prout sunt, qui supererunt, se rediment rationabili pretio orig. precio⌈pretiopretio orig. precio⌉, alii homo pro homine, ut solet, liberabuntur. Cessabit omne odium, iniuria, indignatio, manebit concordia bona, libera profectio cum condicione orig. conditione⌈condicionecondicione orig. conditione⌉, quod de istis praefatis articulis nulla erit argumentatio, disputatio nec dubitatio.

Ac written over Da⌈DaAcAc written over Da⌉tum die Othmari[9] anno XV-c XXXI. Signatum sigillo oppidi Zug, town in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zug⌊ZugZug, town in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zug⌋ ex parte quinque cantonum et Hans Escher vom Glas (*ca. 1470 – †1538), chief captain of Zürich during the Second War of Kappel in 1531 (Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, nr. 8)⌊Ioannis EsscherHans Escher vom Glas (*ca. 1470 – †1538), chief captain of Zürich during the Second War of Kappel in 1531 (Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, nr. 8)⌋ von Zürich (Tigurum, Turicum, Thuregus), city in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zürich⌊ZurichZürich (Tigurum, Turicum, Thuregus), city in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zürich⌋ obersten hauptman ex parte Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinorumCitizens of Zürich ⌋.[10]

Haec cum Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋ acta sunt. Postea aliquamdiu noluerunt quinque cantones cum Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensibusCitizens of Bern ⌋ pacem ferire. Tandem inducti sunt firmataque est pax die Catharinae,[11] exercitus utrimque dimissi. Aderant oratores Galli, Sabaudi, marchionis Ernst I of Baden-Durlach (*1482 – †1553), Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim (1533-1553); seventh son of Margrave Christoph I of Baden and Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen⌊Ernesti BadensisErnst I of Baden-Durlach (*1482 – †1553), Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim (1533-1553); seventh son of Margrave Christoph I of Baden and Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen⌋, Jeanne de Hochberg (Joanna von Baden-Sausenberg, Joanna von Hachberg-Sausenberg) (*1485-1487 – †1543), 1480-1516 wife of Louis I of Orléans-Longueville. She was a daughter of Philip, Margrave of Baden-Sausenberg and Count of Neuchâtel, and of Maria of Savoy. At his death, Philipe's rights as last male heir in the lines of Baden-Hachberg and Baden-Sausenberg fell to Christoph I von Baden. Jeanne de Hochberg inherited the county of Neuchâtel and brought it into the house of Orléans-Longueville. She was closely involved in the political developments in the Swiss Confederacy in the first three decades of the 16th century (HENRY)⌊ducissae de LonguevilleJeanne de Hochberg (Joanna von Baden-Sausenberg, Joanna von Hachberg-Sausenberg) (*1485-1487 – †1543), 1480-1516 wife of Louis I of Orléans-Longueville. She was a daughter of Philip, Margrave of Baden-Sausenberg and Count of Neuchâtel, and of Maria of Savoy. At his death, Philipe's rights as last male heir in the lines of Baden-Hachberg and Baden-Sausenberg fell to Christoph I von Baden. Jeanne de Hochberg inherited the county of Neuchâtel and brought it into the house of Orléans-Longueville. She was closely involved in the political developments in the Swiss Confederacy in the first three decades of the 16th century (HENRY)⌋ et cantonum trium superinscribed in place of crossed-out duarum⌈duarum trium trium superinscribed in place of crossed-out duarum⌉, qui numquam se miscuerunt bellis, scilicet Glarus, canton in Switzerland⌊GlarisGlarus, canton in Switzerland⌋ und Freiburg, canton in Switzerland⌊FryburgFreiburg, canton in Switzerland⌋ und Appenzell, canton in Switzerland⌊AppenzellAppenzell, canton in Switzerland⌋.

Cuius quidem pacis condiciones orig. conditiones⌈condicionescondiciones orig. conditiones⌉ primae eaedem sunt, sicut cum Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋, puta de fide, de confoederatis et auxiliaribus, de servando compromisso inter cantones, de non acceptandis civibus in tutelam, de rehabendis iis, quae Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensesCitizens of Bern ⌋ sicut et Tigurini ademerunt quinque cantonibus, de abolendis et renuntiandis orig. renunciandis⌈renuntiandisrenuntiandis orig. renunciandis⌉ confoedarationibus exteris. Item de parte 2500 scutorum et haec usque ad quintum articulum foederis. Quintus vero sic se habet:

5. Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensesCitizens of Bern ⌋ dabunt quinque cantonibus propter templa exusta tria milia scutorum auri, 1500 in paratis, alia 1500 Kalendis Februariis pro restitutione imaginum et suppellectilis ecclesiasticae. Quod ad damna belli attinet, post bellum tractabitur secundum iudicium octo cantonum. De actionibus iuris – ut cum Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋ et de adempto ante bellum – ut supra.

8. Promiserant Citizens of Unterwalden ⌊UnderwalldensesCitizens of Unterwalden ⌋ victi Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensibusCitizens of Bern ⌋ 3000 scutorum, quae non solverunt neque solvent, sed litterae restituentur a Bernensibus et frangentur, cessabitque omnis actio Bernensium.

9. Quidam pagi sub dominio Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensiumCitizens of Bern ⌋ tulerunt subsidium quinque cantonibus et ob id nihil mali patientur, sed ignoscitur illis.

10. Das Citizens of Bern ⌊die von BernCitizens of Bern ⌋ die von Hassle (Hasli), Talschaft and Landvogtei in Switzerland, Bernese Highlands, later Landschaft and the district of Oberhasli⌊Sassly(!)Hassle (Hasli), Talschaft and Landvogtei in Switzerland, Bernese Highlands, later Landschaft and the district of Oberhasli⌋[12] und Citizens of Grindelwald ⌊GrindellwalderCitizens of Grindelwald ⌋, so si vor jaren vertriben haben, wider zu hus und heim ane alle entgelttnuss AAWO, AB, D. 3, f. 62r sollend lassen kommen.

11. Captivi liberabuntur utrimque gratis. Cessabit omnis recordatio malorum, ut cum Citizens of Zürich ⌊TigurinisCitizens of Zürich ⌋.

Actum vigilia Catharinae.[13] Signatum sigillo oppidi Zug, town in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zug⌊ZugZug, town in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zug⌋ pro quinque cantonibus et Sebastian von Diesbach (*1481 – †1527), the leader of the Protestant forces during both Wars of Kappel (Kappelerkriege); 1529-1531 Schultheiss (scultetus) of Bern⌊Sebastiani von DiesbachSebastian von Diesbach (*1481 – †1527), the leader of the Protestant forces during both Wars of Kappel (Kappelerkriege); 1529-1531 Schultheiss (scultetus) of Bern⌋, alltschulltesses und hauptmanns von Bern(n) ex parte Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensiumCitizens of Bern ⌋, et Jean de Langeac (Langhac) (†1541), 1526-1532 Archbishop of Avranches; 1532-1541 Bishop of Limoges (Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne, vol. 23, p. 354-355)⌊Ioannis de LangachJean de Langeac (Langhac) (†1541), 1526-1532 Archbishop of Avranches; 1532-1541 Bishop of Limoges (Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne, vol. 23, p. 354-355)⌋ episcopi Davaranchae oratoris Francorum, et Fridolin Tolder (†ca. 1556), 1516 communal scribe and councillor of Glarus (Historischen Lexikon der Schweiz, nr. 1)⌊Fridli TolldersFridolin Tolder (†ca. 1556), 1516 communal scribe and councillor of Glarus (Historischen Lexikon der Schweiz, nr. 1)⌋ von Glaris, in namen(n) ir sebs und ir mittherrn(n) und Spruchlütten, mitt dem(m) lutter(e)n anhang, das diss uffgerichtten artickell ane alles arguieren sey etc.[14]

His cum Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensibusCitizens of Bern ⌋ transactis factus est concursus plebis ad Bern, town in Switzerland⌊BernamBern, town in Switzerland⌋ IIII-a Decembris postulatumque est, quod sequitur:

1. Causa fidei nemo deiciatur orig. deiiciatur⌈deiciaturdeiciatur orig. deiiciatur⌉ magistratu, nullus admittatur sine scitu vulgi. Nemo extraneus sit de consilio vel habeat officium castell written over a⌈all written over a⌉aniae.

2. Castellani bonorum ecclesiasticorum sint eorum, qui habitant in locis, ubi bona sunt.

3. Bern, town in Switzerland⌊BernaBern, town in Switzerland⌋ oppidum in perpetuum neque acceptet novos cives, neque incipiat bellum sine scitu populi et territorii, alias non parebunt.

4. Ex quo adempta sunt bona ecclesiis, remittatur populo census et non solvat, nisi decimas.

5. Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensesCitizens of Bern ⌋ in actionibus iuris non sit(!) iudex et pars, sed iudicium et causa deferatur ad populum.

6. Unusquisque libere possit audire missam, confiteri et uti sua conscientia sine molestatione Citizens of Bern ⌊BernensiumCitizens of Bern ⌋.

Ad ista nihil responsum adhuc est, adeo ut tumultus sit magnus, et creditur pax rata non futura. Ego ibo Milan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌊MediolanumMilan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌋, deinde huc redibo et postea ad Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, nisi forte interim nova veniat commissio vel aliud occurrat. Cum scribes in Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniamPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋, sis memor mei. Litteras mitto ad Wolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌊HallerWolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌋, qui eas ad superinscribed⌈adad superinscribed⌉ Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxoremElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ meam transmittere poterit. Si quae litterae ad me venerint, non eas da probably Camillo Ghilino (Camillus Gilinus) (†1535), Latinist and translator; secretary of Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan; his envoy at the court of emperor Charles V (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 239-240; POCIECHA 2, p. 247, 270)⌊Camilloprobably Camillo Ghilino (Camillus Gilinus) (†1535), Latinist and translator; secretary of Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan; his envoy at the court of emperor Charles V (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 239-240; POCIECHA 2, p. 247, 270)⌋, quod proposueramus, sed oratori Sabaudo mittendas ad oratorem Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, qui hic est Gutierre López de Padilla ⌊Guthieres Lopis de PadyllaGutierre López de Padilla ⌋. Ille eas commodissime diriget. Reliqua scribam ex itinere.

Commenda me omnibus et tibi praesertim, et vale rectissime.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae humilis inservitor Cornelius Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊ms 2 Scepperus,
ms 1 [...] paper damaged⌈Scepperusms 2 Scepperus,
ms 1 [...] paper damaged⌉Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1] Allobrogum; the territory of the Celtic tribe of the Allobroges roughly corresponds to later Savoy.

[2] geminam cladem: the Battle of Kappel and the Battle on the Gubel, in the Second War of Kappel (Zweiter Kappelerkrieg), fought in 1531 between the Protestant and the Catholic Swiss cantons. In the Battle of Kappel (11 October 1531), the army of Zürich, led by Ulrich Zwingli, was defeated by the army of the Five Catholic Cantons. Zwingli himself died in this battle. After this defeat, the Zürich army was reinforced by troops from Bern and other Reformed cantons. They were defeated again by the Five Cantons in the battle on the Gubel hill (24 October, 1531) (cf. Helmut Meyer, "Kappelerkriege" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌊MEYERcf. Helmut Meyer, "Kappelerkriege" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌋).

[3] The Five Catholic Cantons: viz. Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden and Zug.

[4] At the end of the Second War of Kappel the Zweiter Kappeler Landfrieden was concluded. This resulted in several peace treaties, of which the main treaty, between Zürich and the Five Catholic Cantons, was concluded in Deinikon near Baar on 16 November 1531. This treaty was sealed in its final form in the Charter of Zug on 20 November 1531, hence the two dates that are found in sources referring to this treaty. It was followed by the treaty of 24 November 1531 between Bern and the Five Cantons. This text, issued in Bremgarten, largely incorporates the conditions of the treaty with Zurich, but contains a number of different additional clauses. It was the basis of the peace treaties between the Five Cantons and Basel (1531-12-22) and Schaffhausen (1532-01-31). The Zweiter Kappeller Landfrieden governed the religious relations between the Catholic and Reformed cantons in the Swiss Confederacy (Eidgenossenschaft). Cf. cf. Religionsvergleiche des 16. Jahrhunderts I: Zweiter Kappeler Landfrieden 1531. Konfessionelle Vergleiche in den Landsgemeindeorten. Appenzell und Glarus. Augsburger Religionsfrieden 1555, ed. by Ernst Walder, Bern, Herbert Lang, 1974, series: Quellen zur neueren Geschichte. Historisches Institut der Universität Bern Heft 7 , p. 4-5⌊cf. Religionsvergleiche des 16. Jahrhunderts I: Zweiter Kappeler Landfrieden 1531. Konfessionelle Vergleiche in den Landsgemeindeorten. Appenzell und Glarus. Augsburger Religionsfrieden 1555, ed. by Ernst Walder, Bern, Herbert Lang, 1974, series: Quellen zur neueren Geschichte. Historisches Institut der Universität Bern Heft 7 , p. 4-5⌋.

[5] Numbers of the articles of the treaty written in the left margin

[6] Seduni; Celtic tribe, situated in Wallis/Valais, mentioned by Caesar (cf. Caius Iulius Caesar, De bello Gallico ⌊Caes. Gal.cf. Caius Iulius Caesar, De bello Gallico ⌋ 3.1.1, 3.1.4, 3.2.1, 3.7.1).

[7] Veragri; Celtic tribe, situated in Wallis/Valais, mentioned by Caesar (cf. Caius Iulius Caesar, De bello Gallico ⌊Caes. Gal.cf. Caius Iulius Caesar, De bello Gallico ⌋ 3.1.1, 3.1.4, 3.2.1, 3.7.1).

[8] Per hunc — — solebant underlined.

[9] 16 November.

[11] 25 November.

[10] German text of the Treaty between the Five Cantons and Zürich, see cf. Religionsvergleiche des 16. Jahrhunderts I: Zweiter Kappeler Landfrieden 1531. Konfessionelle Vergleiche in den Landsgemeindeorten. Appenzell und Glarus. Augsburger Religionsfrieden 1555, ed. by Ernst Walder, Bern, Herbert Lang, 1974, series: Quellen zur neueren Geschichte. Historisches Institut der Universität Bern Heft 7 , p 5-13⌊Religionsvergleichecf. Religionsvergleiche des 16. Jahrhunderts I: Zweiter Kappeler Landfrieden 1531. Konfessionelle Vergleiche in den Landsgemeindeorten. Appenzell und Glarus. Augsburger Religionsfrieden 1555, ed. by Ernst Walder, Bern, Herbert Lang, 1974, series: Quellen zur neueren Geschichte. Historisches Institut der Universität Bern Heft 7 , p 5-13⌋ and cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌊Archiv 1872cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌋, p. 372-376.

[14] For the German text of the Treaty between the Five Cantons and Bern, see cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌊Archiv 1872cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌋, p. 386-393.

[12] The text of the treaty reads „Hassle” (cf. cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌊Archiv 1872cf. Archiv für die schweizerische Reformations-Geschichte, ed. by Theodor Scherer-Boccard, vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1872 ⌋ (cf. Josef Brülisauer, "Oberhasli" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌊BRÜLISAUERcf. Josef Brülisauer, "Oberhasli" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌋; cf. Anne-Marie Dubler, "Meiringen" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌊DUBLER Meiringencf. Anne-Marie Dubler, "Meiringen" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌋; cf. Anne-Marie Dubler, "Hasliberg" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌊DUBLER Haslibergcf. Anne-Marie Dubler, "Hasliberg" in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/d/ ⌋.

[13] 24 November.