Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo WarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ etc. domino suo gratioso et modis omnibus colendo dentur

Reverendissime in Christo Pater et Domine, domine gratiose multisque nominibus colende.

Nuper, dum accepissem Reverendissimae Domniationis Vestrae cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Iustus Lodvicus DECIUS (DECJUSZ, DIETZ) shortly before 1544-12-04, CIDTC IDL 7351, letter lost⌊epistulamcf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Iustus Lodvicus DECIUS (DECJUSZ, DIETZ) shortly before 1544-12-04, CIDTC IDL 7351, letter lost⌋, mirum in modum exhilaratus sum manum eiusdem agnoscens. Collegi rect... ...huc hab... omnia. Quas adiunxit cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN shortly before 1544-12-05, CIDTC IDL 7352, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN shortly before 1544-12-05, CIDTC IDL 7352, letter lost⌋ domino Sigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌊SigismundoSigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌋ perferendas, cu... [m]issae sunt, et illae, quas Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomamRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ destinavit, in crastinum statim.

Quae apud nos sunt vel nova, vel ut scribantur digna, non invitus perscriberem, sed quoniam varia et incerta sunt multa, prohibet me et temporis angustia, et rerum varietas, perstringam tamen nonnihil.

Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋ ter quaterque misera neque in his magnis libera est frigoribus, nuper enim The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcaeThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ Danube (Dunaj, Donau), river in central and eastern Europe⌊DanubiumDanube (Dunaj, Donau), river in central and eastern Europe⌋ per glaciem superantes adusque prope Košice (Cassovia, Kassa), town in Kingdom of Hungary, Upper Hungary, today in Slovakia⌊CassoviamKošice (Cassovia, Kassa), town in Kingdom of Hungary, Upper Hungary, today in Slovakia⌋ in Xisso oppidum grassati, depopulati sunt et incendio illud vastarunt, hactenus tamen illi dissidentes mutuis se cedibus conficiunt, alii Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊ThurcaeSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋, aliae Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandiFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ partes, nulli tamen fidi sequentes. Vienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌊WiennaeVienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌋ est Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊rex FerdinandusFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋, expeditionem aestate proxima cogitat. Hac re magis irritatur hostis, terra marique parare bellum dicitur quam umquam antea copiis maioribus. Pollicitus est Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesar RomanusCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ se ad primam veris diem in Austria⌊AustriamAustria⌋ et adeo Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariamHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋ se futurus. His arrecti spiritibus sperant miseri.

De pace Gallica multa performitur, sed diversa, omnes tamen in hoc quidem conveniunt: iuxta sensum nostrum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ iniquis pro se condicionibus foedera et matrimonia suscepisse neque firmam pacem esse, namque apparet plus incommodi quam lucri caesarem victorem accepisse. Nunc sint mulierum Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellisBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋ magna auctoritas, splendor et maiestas. Fuerint Eleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌊LeonoraEleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌋ uxor et regis Margaret of Valois (*1523 – †1574), the seventh child and fourth daughter of King Francis I of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany; in 1559 married Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedmont; from 1550 Duchess of Berry⌊filiaMargaret of Valois (*1523 – †1574), the seventh child and fourth daughter of King Francis I of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany; in 1559 married Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedmont; from 1550 Duchess of Berry⌋, concubina Anne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌊Madonia de TempiAnne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌋ et aliae ex France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliaFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ plurimae, Anna Jagiellon (*1503 – †1547), Queen of Bohemia (1526-1547), Queen of Hungary (1527-1547), Queen of the Romans (1531-1547); wife of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, daughter of Vladislaus II Jagiellon and Anne de Foix⌊regina HungariaeAnna Jagiellon (*1503 – †1547), Queen of Bohemia (1526-1547), Queen of Hungary (1527-1547), Queen of the Romans (1531-1547); wife of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, daughter of Vladislaus II Jagiellon and Anne de Foix⌋, reguli Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandiFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ filii, cardinales tres digressi tamen sunt. Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelius SceperusCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋ missus est, ut reddat et recipiat utrimque civitates occupatas. Res est admiranda quam intelligenda magis neque apud Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandumFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ certi sunt [arti]culi. Ad 6 Ianuarii Camermi conventuri sunt, qui et matr[imonia], et reliqua decernunt, Eleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌊LeonoraEleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌋ a Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ digressa, magnam i... aegritudinem.

Conventus publ... ad initium anni Worms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊WormaciaeWorms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋ futurus esse creditur, utinam re publica Christiana conventus dissidentium The Germans ⌊GermanorumThe Germans ⌋.

Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊Summo pontificiPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ et Republic of Venice (Venice)⌊VenetisRepublic of Venice (Venice)⌋ suspecta pax est Gallica.

Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊RexSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ noster pro hac aetate recte habet, alacrior et hilarior est quam antea. Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza

Elisabeth of Austria (Elizabeth von Habsburg) (*1526 – †1545), Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania; first wife of Sigismund II August Jagiellon (1543-1545), daughter of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, and Anna Jagiellon⌊Coniuges aliiSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza

Elisabeth of Austria (Elizabeth von Habsburg) (*1526 – †1545), Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania; first wife of Sigismund II August Jagiellon (1543-1545), daughter of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, and Anna Jagiellon⌋ in Lithuania⌊LithuaniaLithuania⌋ vivunt, ut dicitur, in magna amicitia.

Dominus Sigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌊[Sigismun]dus ab HerbersteinSigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌋ cum totius dotis solutione venturus est sub [anni] initium. Ad festum Trium Regum Diet of Poland ⌊conventus RegniDiet of Poland ⌋ constitutus est.

daughter of Iustus Ludovicus DECIUS ⌊Episcopadaughter of Iustus Ludovicus DECIUS ⌋ illa iam facta est grandior et in se venturum exspectat ordinem, nam mense proxime praeterito nuptui dedi filias duas natu grandiores. A festo Trium Regum habetur convivium, ubi ex urbe Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomaRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ redierit nuntius, quem ad quarti gradus permissionem illuc 5 Novembris misi.

Commendat tum se daughter of Iustus Ludovicus DECIUS ⌊illadaughter of Iustus Ludovicus DECIUS ⌋ cum matre et puellis reliquis Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae, quod cum filiis et nepotibus etiam ego facio. Plura nunc scribere non valeo, vocor enim in arcem ad iudicia.

Dominus Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram conservare dignetur.

Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, festinanter, die 5 Decembris 1544.

Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae deditissimus servitor Iustus Ludovicus Decius (Justus Ludwik Decjusz, Jost Ludwig Dietz, Iodocus Decius) (*ca. 1485 – †1545), merchant, historian, reformer of the Polish monetary system; ennobled in 1519; 1520-1524 royal secretary; 1528 Cracow town councillor; 1528 alderman in Piotrków; 1526-1535 administrator of the royal mint in Königsberg; 1528-1535 administrator of the royal mint in Thorn; 1530-1540 administrator of the royal mint in Cracow; 1519, 1520, 1522, 1523-1524 - royal envoy to Italy (PSB 5, p. 42-45; WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 250-251; NOGA, p. 304)⌊Iostus Ludovicus DeciusIustus Ludovicus Decius (Justus Ludwik Decjusz, Jost Ludwig Dietz, Iodocus Decius) (*ca. 1485 – †1545), merchant, historian, reformer of the Polish monetary system; ennobled in 1519; 1520-1524 royal secretary; 1528 Cracow town councillor; 1528 alderman in Piotrków; 1526-1535 administrator of the royal mint in Königsberg; 1528-1535 administrator of the royal mint in Thorn; 1530-1540 administrator of the royal mint in Cracow; 1519, 1520, 1522, 1523-1524 - royal envoy to Italy (PSB 5, p. 42-45; WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 250-251; NOGA, p. 304)⌋ scripsit