Reverendissimo Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Varmiensi etc. domino suo observandissimo

Reverendissime Domine, domine observandissime. Servitiorum meorum praemissa commendatione.

Hodie accepi cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌋ Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis, quae mihi gratissimae fuere et me maxime exhilararunt, cum iam sciam litteras domini Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelii SceperiCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋ ad Vestram Reverendissimam Dominationem perlatas[1], tum quia invenio adhuc gratiam illam pristinam Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis erga me nondum extinctam. Ego profecto ex animo desidero Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationi perpetue inservire. Habui etiam ante paucos dies ternas a Cornelio litteras, quibus et ipse me certiorem reddidit Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis responsum iam tandem recepisse[2]. Timui profecto, si litterae illius fuissent deperditae, ne putasset potius mea quam aliorum negligentia fuisse factum[3].

Scripseram equidem antea et cupivissem Vestram Reverendissimam Dominationem huic magno negotio Christanitatis destinatam[4]. Et hodie cuperem quomodocumque, et si illustrissimus dominus Andrzej Górka (Andrzej of Górka) (*ca. 1500 – †1551), 1533 castellan of Kalisz; 1535 - of Poznań; 1536 general-starosta of Wielkopolska; 1541 envoy of king Sigismund I Jagiellon to Vienna, to undertake mediation between Ferdinad I von Habsburg and Isabella Jagiellon, widow of János I Zápolya (PSB 8, p. 401-405)⌊Andreas comes de GorcaAndrzej Górka (Andrzej of Górka) (*ca. 1500 – †1551), 1533 castellan of Kalisz; 1535 - of Poznań; 1536 general-starosta of Wielkopolska; 1541 envoy of king Sigismund I Jagiellon to Vienna, to undertake mediation between Ferdinad I von Habsburg and Isabella Jagiellon, widow of János I Zápolya (PSB 8, p. 401-405)⌋[5] apud nos cf. Vulg. 1Sm 18:14 in omnibus quoque viis suis David prudenter agebat et Dominus erat cum eo ⌊agit et prudenter agitcf. Vulg. 1Sm 18:14 in omnibus quoque viis suis David prudenter agebat et Dominus erat cum eo ⌋[6], utcumque Vestra Reverendissima Dominatio iam diu nota non fuisset non accepta etc. etc.

Humillimas ago gratias Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationi de participatis novis, quae in Sweden (Suecia)⌊SueciaSweden (Suecia)⌋ moliuntur[7]. Vellem equidem parere mandatis Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis et scribere de nostris negotiis. Serenissimus Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊rexFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ meus habet exercitum suum ad Buda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌊BudamBuda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌋, qui quotidie augetur[8]. Nam sua maiestas constituit omnino perseverare in obsidione, nisi propellatur, quemadmodum Turcae nunc advolant. Sunt enim duo primi ex curia vel ut dicunt porta[9] imperatoris Turcarum. Ad Osijek (Eszék, Esseg), town in historical eastern Croatia-Slavonia on the Drava River, about 20 km from where it joins the Danube⌊EssectumOsijek (Eszék, Esseg), town in historical eastern Croatia-Slavonia on the Drava River, about 20 km from where it joins the Danube⌋ pervenerunt Mechmet Bascha[10] et begberbeg Romaniae[11]. Quod non longe a Buda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌊BudaBuda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌋ distat, trans Drava (Dráva), river originating in nothern Italy, flowing through south-eastern Austria (Klagenfurt Basin), eastern Slovenia and northern Croatia (Slavonia), a right-bank tributary of the Danube River, which it joins below the town of Osijek⌊DeravumDrava (Dráva), river originating in nothern Italy, flowing through south-eastern Austria (Klagenfurt Basin), eastern Slovenia and northern Croatia (Slavonia), a right-bank tributary of the Danube River, which it joins below the town of Osijek⌋ tamen, et iam Sava (Save, Száva), river originating from the Julian Alps, running through Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia, right-bank tributary of the Danube River, which it joins near Belgrade⌊SavusSava (Save, Száva), river originating from the Julian Alps, running through Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia, right-bank tributary of the Danube River, which it joins near Belgrade⌋ atque Deravus strati sunt pontibus. Ferunt Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatoremSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ subsequi centum milibus[12]. Alii aiunt imperatorem iam obiisse, cf. Vulg. Mt 3:10 iam enim securis ad radicem arborum posita est omnis ergo arbor quae non facit fructum bonum exciditur et in ignem mittitur ⌊quomodocumque securis posita est ad arboremcf. Vulg. Mt 3:10 iam enim securis ad radicem arborum posita est omnis ergo arbor quae non facit fructum bonum exciditur et in ignem mittitur ⌋[13].

Serenissimus rex meus quinque diebus abhinc Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisbonamRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ et XXI praesentis pervenit[14]. Quicquid ab inde spei consurget. De conclusione et dissolutione dietae illius adhuc in hanc horam nihil habui, scribam tamen, si quae digna scribi evenient[15]. Nostri equidem Budam aggressi secunda praesentis mensis, tamen non successit. Eadem die arx et ecclesia magna Pragae igne consumptae sunt[16]. Infelix ille dies. Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationi me meaque servitia denuo commendo.

Ex Vienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌊Vienna AustriaeVienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌋, XXV Iunii 1541.

Eiusdem Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis obsequentissimus Sigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌊Sigismundus ab HerberstainSigmund von Herberstein (*1486 – †1566), diplomat in the service of Emperor Maximilian I, Charles V, and Roman King Ferdinand I, writer and historian. In 1517 sent to Poland to conduct the marriage between King Sigismund I Jagiellon and Duchess Bona Sforza d'Aragona, and to Moscow to arrange a truce between the Grand Duchy of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; 1515 member of the Council of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1515-1553 carried out many diplomatic missions (in 1517 and 1526 he was twice an imperial envoy at the Muscovy court)⌋ liber baro

[1 ] See cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Cracow, 1540-09-09, CIDTC IDL 2341⌊IDL 2341cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Cracow, 1540-09-09, CIDTC IDL 2341⌋, footnote 4; cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌊IDL 2551cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌋, footnotes 13, 14; cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌊IDL 2427cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌋, footnote 12

[2 ] Letter not known to the editors

[3 ] Cf. cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌊IDL 2551cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌋, footnote 13

[4 ] Cf. cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌊IDL 2551cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌋, footnote 22; cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌊IDL 2427cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌋, footnote 41

[5 ] In February 1541 Andrzej Górka, as an envoy of Sigismund I, went to Vienna to undertake mediation between Ferdinand I and Isabella Zápolya, widow of János I Zápolya. Isabella and her son János II Sigismund Zápolya (see letter No.32, footnote 25), not yet a year old but already pronounced his father’s successor and recognized as such by Suleiman I, were in Buda which was under siege from Ferdinand I’s forces (see footnote 12). Górka went on two missions to the camp of the besieging forces, and from there to Buda itself to persuade Isabella to accept Ferdinand I’s terms and surrender the city. These activities of Górka are most likely the subject of Herberstein’s remarks in this letter. During the second stage of the negotiations in May, Isabella was inclined to surrender but George Utješenović (Martinuzzi; Frater Georgius) was against this, and Górka left Buda without achieving his objective. In September, under orders from Sigismund I, he negotiated Isabella’s future with Suleiman I (see cf. Anna Dembińska, Zygmunt I. Zarys dziejów wewnętrzno - politycznych w latach 1540-1548, Poznań, Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych, 1948, series: Poznańskie TPN Prace Komisji Historycznej 15/3 ⌊DEMBIŃSKA 1948cf. Anna Dembińska, Zygmunt I. Zarys dziejów wewnętrzno - politycznych w latach 1540-1548, Poznań, Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych, 1948, series: Poznańskie TPN Prace Komisji Historycznej 15/3 ⌋, p. 198, footnote 4; cf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌊DZIUBIŃSKIcf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌋, p. 133-134, 137, 143-146; cf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌊PÁLcf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌋, p. 305, 313, cf. cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌊EFE 36cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌋, No. 672, p. 109, No. 699, p. 149-150, No. 700, p. 151-153, No. 706, p. 163-164 (Annexum II), No. 710, p. 169)

[6 ] Agit et prudenter agit – this is most likely a reference to the saying: Quidquid agas, prudenter agas et respice finem (see Gest. Rom., cap. 162)

[7 ] Cf. cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌊IDL 2427cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌋, footnotes 26-27, 29-32

[8 ] The forces of Ferdinand I laying siege to Buda, about 20,000 strong, were under Wilhelm von Rogendorf’s command. The siege ended on August 21, 1541 with the defeat and hasty evacuation of Ferdinand I’s forces, followed by Buda’s capture by Suleiman I (cf. Gratae posteritati Sigismundus liber baro in Herberstein Neyperg et Guettenhag, primarius ducatus Carinthiae hereditariusque et camerarius … actiones suas a puero ad annum usque aetatis suae septuagesimum quartum brevi commentariolo notatas reliquit, Vienna, Raphael Hofhalter, 1560 ⌊HERBERSTEIN 1560cf. Gratae posteritati Sigismundus liber baro in Herberstein Neyperg et Guettenhag, primarius ducatus Carinthiae hereditariusque et camerarius … actiones suas a puero ad annum usque aetatis suae septuagesimum quartum brevi commentariolo notatas reliquit, Vienna, Raphael Hofhalter, 1560 ⌋, f. D4r-D4v; cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌊EFE 36cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌋, No. 694, p. 145-146, No. 696, p. 147, No. 699, p. 148-150, No. 700, p. 151-153, No. 702, p. 155, No. 706, p. 157-166; cf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌊DZIUBIŃSKIcf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌋, p. 142-143; cf. Paula Sutter Fichtner, Ferdinand I of Austria: The Politics of Dynasticism in the Age of Reformation, New York, 1982 ⌊Fichtnercf. Paula Sutter Fichtner, Ferdinand I of Austria: The Politics of Dynasticism in the Age of Reformation, New York, 1982 ⌋, p. 125; cf. Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Vom Regierungsantritte Suleiman des Ersten bis zum Tode Selim's II. 1520-1574, vol. III, Pest, 1828, series: Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches, grossentheils aus bisher unbenützten Handschriften und Archiven ⌊Hammer-Purgstall IIIcf. Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Vom Regierungsantritte Suleiman des Ersten bis zum Tode Selim's II. 1520-1574, vol. III, Pest, 1828, series: Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches, grossentheils aus bisher unbenützten Handschriften und Archiven ⌋, p. 224-234; cf. cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Esztergom, 1531-05-07, CIDTC IDL 621⌊IDL 621cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Esztergom, 1531-05-07, CIDTC IDL 621⌋, footnote 12; cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌊IDL 2551cf. Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN to Ioannes DANTISCUS Vienna, 1541-03-22, CIDTC IDL 2551⌋, footnote 19)

[9 ] The Sublime Porte, High Porte – the name used pars pro toto until the mid-17th century to denote the sultan’s palace and also his court. It refers to the gate (Lat. porta) of the Topkapı palace in Constantinople and is linked to its significance in traditional culture: as a symbolic border between the sacrum of the monarch’s residence and the profanum of the world, and as a symbol of the sultan’s justice, as the gate leading to the residence was the equivalent of the entrance to the tent in front of which early rulers meted out justice

[10 ] Mehmed Pasha, together with Hüsrev Pasha, the beylerbey of Rumelia, commanded the Turkish army corps marching on Hungary (cf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌊DZIUBIŃSKIcf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌋, p. 142, 144, 154, cf. cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌊EFE 36cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌋, No. 694, p. 145)

[11 ] In 1541 Hüsrev Pasha was the beylerbey of Rumelia (Romania). In February or early March 1541, the sultan sent him to Sofia with 1,500 Janissaries and 1,800 court Sipahis, to reinforce the Turkish army spending the winter in Hungary and prepare the campaign in which the sultan himself was to take part (cf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌊DZIUBIŃSKIcf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌋, p. 142, 144; cf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌊PÁLcf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌋, p. 311)

[12 ] Suleiman I set off from Constantinople with the main army on June 23, 1541 and was in Belgrade in early August, from where he set off for Buda, entering it on September 2 (see cf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌊DZIUBIŃSKIcf. Andrzej Dziubiński, Stosunki dyplomatyczne polsko-tureckie w latach 1500-1572 w kontekście międzynarodowym, Wrocław, Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, 2005 ⌋, p. 142; cf. Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Vom Regierungsantritte Suleiman des Ersten bis zum Tode Selim's II. 1520-1574, vol. III, Pest, 1828, series: Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches, grossentheils aus bisher unbenützten Handschriften und Archiven ⌊Hammer-Purgstall IIIcf. Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Vom Regierungsantritte Suleiman des Ersten bis zum Tode Selim's II. 1520-1574, vol. III, Pest, 1828, series: Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches, grossentheils aus bisher unbenützten Handschriften und Archiven ⌋, p. 232-233)

[13 ] The rumor that Herberstein mentions here, that Suleiman I is dead, was untrue

[14 ] In spring 1541, Ferdinand I was still convinced that Suleiman I would not decide to begin the campaign. It was not until he received a report from Venice dated June 18 that he realized how serious the situation was. On June 25, 1541 he presented the matter of the Turkish threat to the estates of the Reich gathered at the diet in Regensburg, appealing for military help. The Catholics agreed to give him 10,000 armed soldiers and 3,000 horses, while the Protestants put off their decision until the end of July (cf. Paul Heidrich, Karl V. und die deutschen Protestanten am Vorabend des Schmalkaldischen Krieges, Frankfurt a. M., 1911, part 1: Die Reichstage der Jahre 1541-1543, Auf Grund vornemhlich der Reichstage dargestellt ⌊HEIDRICH 1911cf. Paul Heidrich, Karl V. und die deutschen Protestanten am Vorabend des Schmalkaldischen Krieges, Frankfurt a. M., 1911, part 1: Die Reichstage der Jahre 1541-1543, Auf Grund vornemhlich der Reichstage dargestellt ⌋, p. 11-53; cf. Paula Sutter Fichtner, Ferdinand I of Austria: The Politics of Dynasticism in the Age of Reformation, New York, 1982 ⌊Fichtnercf. Paula Sutter Fichtner, Ferdinand I of Austria: The Politics of Dynasticism in the Age of Reformation, New York, 1982 ⌋, p. 125; cf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌊PÁLcf. Fodor Pál, "Ottoman Policy Towards Hungary, 1520-1541", in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XLV (2-3), 1991, p. 271-245 ⌋, p. 313, cf. cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌊EFE 36cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 36. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, VI pars (AD. 1538-1542), vol. 36, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1975 ⌋, No. 699, p. 149, cf. No. 700, p. 152-153, cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 48. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, XVIII pars (AD. 1539-1541), vol. 48, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1979 ⌊EFE 48cf. Elementa ad fontium editiones 48. Res Polonicae ex Archivo Regiomontano, XVIII pars (AD. 1539-1541), vol. 48, ed. by Karolina Lanckorońska, Roma, 1979 ⌋, No. 411, p. 202 and Annexum II, p. 203; cf. Johannes Voigt, "Briefwechsel des Freih. Sigismund von Herberstein mit dem Herzog Albrecht von Preußen", in: Archiv zur Kunde österreichische Geschichtes-Quellen vol. 17/2, Wien, 1857, p. 265-293 ⌊VOIGT 1857cf. Johannes Voigt, "Briefwechsel des Freih. Sigismund von Herberstein mit dem Herzog Albrecht von Preußen", in: Archiv zur Kunde österreichische Geschichtes-Quellen vol. 17/2, Wien, 1857, p. 265-293 ⌋, p. 283)

[15 ] Cf. cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌊IDL 242cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to [Sigmund von HERBERSTEIN] Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1541-05-26, CIDTC IDL 2427⌋7, footnote 47

[16 ] A reference to the great fire that broke out on June 2 in Prague in Malá Strana. It spread to Hradčany and seriously damaged the royal castle with the archive of so-called zemské desky (land tablets, i.e. volumes – basic records concerning land property of the Czech nobility) and the Cathedral of Saints Vitus, Wenceslas and Adalbert (see e.g. cf. Monarchie und Wiederstand. Zur ständischen Oppositionsbildung im Herrschaftssystem Ferdinands I. in Böhmen, München, 1985 ⌊Eberhardcf. Monarchie und Wiederstand. Zur ständischen Oppositionsbildung im Herrschaftssystem Ferdinands I. in Böhmen, München, 1985 ⌋, p. 345; cf. Jörg Hoensch, Geschichte Böhemens. Von der slavischen Landnahme bis ins 20. Jahrhundert, München, 1987 ⌊Hoenschcf. Jörg Hoensch, Geschichte Böhemens. Von der slavischen Landnahme bis ins 20. Jahrhundert, München, 1987 ⌋, p. 191)