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Letter #3853

[Ioannes DANTISCUS] to Samuel MACIEJOWSKI
Braunsberg (Braniewo), 1[545]-01-29

English register:

The letters from the king [Sigismund I Jagiellon] and from the addressee reached Dantiscus after the conclusion of the Diet [of Royal Prussia] in Elbing (Elbląg), which was devoted to the settling of legal cases, while the bishop of Kulm (Chełmno) [Tiedemann Giese] was still present together with the envoy of the city council of Thorn (Toruń) [Adrian Friedewalt]. Dantiscus read the king's letter together with them and with certain members of the city council of Elbing [Nikolaus Friedwald, Jacob Alexwangen]. The castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig) [Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema)] was no longer present, having discreetly departed without taking his leave, together with the chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork) [Johann (Jan)] von Baysen [(Bażyński)], when certain legal proceedings did not go quite to his liking. The bishop of Kulm learned from the king’s letter that the king had summoned the city council of Gdańsk, whose envoys [Barthel Brand, Johann Zierenberg] had already departed, to appear before the royal court. In the bishop of Kulm’s opinion, copies of the king’s letter ought to be sent to the members of the council of Royal Prussia with the suggestion that they should ask the king to put the matter of the estate of Putzig (Puck) forward until the spring Diet [of Royal Prussia]. In his view, it is not possible to dispatch envoys to the king representing all the members of the council [of Royal Prussia] who are unable to attend swiftly enough, nor is there anyone who could safely undertake such a mission.

[The passage concerning Dantiscus’ opinion on the royal writ of summons issued to Gdańsk concerning Putzig is partially damaged and unclear]. Dantiscus notes that the members of the council of Royal Prussia ought to take care not to infringe upon their own privileges. How the matter will proceed further, given that the bishop of Kulm, together with the citizens of Gdańsk, has won over the greater part of the councillors [of Royal Prussia], remains to be seen. Dantiscus will find out once he knows their positions, which he is to receive by letter.

Dantiscus hopes to be able to discuss those matters, as well as others, at greater length in person. Regardless of the state of his finances, which have been strained by his previous journeys, and of the state of his health, which has nonetheless improved rather markedly of late, he is desirous of meeting his sovereign and offering him counsel.

He conveys the remaining news on a separate sheet and asks for discretion.

In a postscript, Dantiscus reports that, upon receiving the addressee’s letter, he requested the Castellan of Elbing [Stanisław Kostka] to return to him in Elbing, to which the latter agreed. They discussed the lawsuit [against the town of Gdańsk in the matter of Putzig]. Although the writ makes no mention of the commandery, the defendants are nonetheless obliged to provide explanations not only in matters explicitly mentioned in the writ, but in all other matters that are its subject. The clause will prove to be most helpful under such an interpretation.

Dantiscus confirms that he will come to court, though he has no money left to spare. He pays no heed to the ill will and suspicions directed against him, since, as suggested by Maciejowski in his letter, these may be dispelled by his arrival. He believes that it would be advantageous were the castellan of Elbing to accompany him. However, he asks Maciejowski to arrange this in such a way as to make it appear that the castellan has been summoned by the king on other business.

Should our people [the members of the council of Royal Prussia] send the envoys, which Dantiscus doubts, or resolve upon anything in the matter under consideration, they will deliberate upon his position. It is impossible to emphasise the extent to which the bishop of Kulm [Tiedemann Giese] attends to his own interests, or how greatly he harms the king’s cause. The castellan of Gdańsk [Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema)] conducts himself likewise. They have their factions and pay no heed to their obligations towards the king. This is plainly evident in the letters in which they were supposed to provide counsel on the matter of proceedings against the [Gdańsk] rebels. They levelled accusations against the king and offered justifications for their own people, as though the latter had been wrongfully blamed. They even formulated threats that the volatile populace might rise up against the Kingdom [of Poland].

Dantiscus is surprised by their self-assurance. In his view, they ought to remember their obligations towards the king, lest he take appropriate steps against them. [The text of this paragraph is partially damaged].

The bishop of Kulm has declared that the royal letters containing the complaint [concerning the conduct of the council of Royal Prussia] against the letter of recommendation [issued for the citizens of Gdańsk in the matter of the king’s efforts to recover Putzig] sent recently [from the Diet of Royal Prussia] at Graudenz (Grudziądz), are of no consequence and do not merit a response. Dantiscus, for his part, stated that since the others were unwilling to respond, he would do so himself, in order to fulfil the duty incumbent upon his office. He added that the councillors of Royal Prussia have a tendency to send letters of recommendation, particularly such as cannot be well received by the king. He will therefore suggest that these be henceforth rejected at the court. As a man unversed in the ways of the royal court, the bishop of Kulm took this to be a jest, unaware of the current goings-on at the court. In Dantiscus’ view, a sharper rebuke ought to be directed at him, so that he may gain a proper understanding of the state of affairs prevailing at the court. Dantiscus writes this out of goodwill towards him, fearing that his easy-going manner may one day lead him to take too great a liberty.

The neighbour’s [Duke Albrecht I von Hohenzollern’s] nephew [Albrecht Alcibiades] is staying with him, and the former styles him “Duke of Prussia” in writing. He was reportedly met by one thousand five hundred infantry and cavalry. It is not yet known precisely what matter Duke Albrecht, Albrecht Alcibiades and his brother-in-law [Adolf, Duke of Holstein] are deliberating upon. Dantiscus will endeavour to find out more; it has come to his attention, however, that the matter concerns a marriage and that they are soon to travel to court. Should he ascertain anything more definite, he will convey it to the addressee by messenger upon the latter’s return.

He asks that the king should be informed of such contents of his letter as may seem significant to the sovereign, without witnesses and in particular without the primate [Piotr Gamrat]. Dantiscus is aware that the primate is ill-disposed towards him on account of the matter of Putzig, which causes Dantiscus as much pain as it does the addressee. He encourages him not to yield to adversity. He hopes that he will be able to discuss all matters more freely at a personal meeting.

In a second postscript, Dantiscus reports that he has received a letter from the younger king [Sigismund Augustus] and the queen [Elizabeth of Austria]. The king informed him that in recent days he had forwarded Dantiscus’ letter to the present addressee. The sovereign, having been admonished by Dantiscus not to allow himself to be led astray in matters of religion by writings sent from the neighbourhood [Ducal Prussia], declared a wish to remain faithful to the old religion and to defend it in both his private and public life. Dantiscus was so gladdened by this that he was willing to travel to Lithuania with a small retinue, had he not been prevented from doing so by the Diet [of Royal Prussia], at which legal cases were being heard. He had already written about this to the king, but the latter replied that his visit would be more convenient in spring. Dantiscus adds this news after the sealing of the present letter. [The text of the second postscript is damaged in several places].




Manuscript sources:
1rough draft in Latin, autograph, AAWO, AB, D. 7, f. 52v (t.p.)
2office copy in Latin, autograph, in secretary's hand, AAWO, AB, D. 7, f. 52v-r(!), 11r (b.p.)

 

Text & apparatus & commentary Plain text Text & commentary Text & apparatus Excerpts concerning Dantiscus' travels

 

Reverendissimo Plocensi

Reverendissime etc.

Accepi litteras regias et Dominationis Vestrae Reverendissimae ab hoc cubiculario, qui post absolutum iudiciarium conventum me repperit Elbingi, ubi adhuc reverendissimus dominus Culmensis cum nuntio Thoronensium aderat. Cum illis itaque et quibusdam ex magistratu Elbingensi litteras regias legi, [dominus] enim castellanus Gdanensis, eo [q]uod in causis non omnia, [u]t ipse volebat, cesserant, [no]n salutato se cum domino a Baisen succamerario Marienburgensi subduxerat . Post litterarum lectionem non parum attonitus dominus Culmensis, eo quod magistratum Gdanensem, cuius nuntii iam discesserant, citatum ad tribunal regium intellexerat. Consilium dedit, ut, transmissis regiarum litterarum exemplis ad alios dominos consiliarios, illis suggereretur petendum esse a serenissima maiestate regia negotium Pucense ad comitia hic verna remitti, ut tum in commune fieret deliberatio, quid in eo serenissimae maiestati regiae agendum veniret; neque tam brevi tempore deligi posse nuntios, qui plena facultate fulti causam Pucensem nomine omnium consiliariorum, qui eo venire nequirent, apud serenissimam maiestatem regiam tractarent, et esse neminem ex consiliariis, qui adeo gravem provinciam sub plena facultate, quae etiam sine periculo non daretur, tuto susciperet etc.

Tendebat ... tota eius oratio, ut nuntii non mitterentur, sed ut ...or peteretur causam hanc in conventum hic ... differri, quod ad eum modum cum ... litterarum ad alios dominos consiliarios est ..., [n]on obstante quod dicerem eiusmodi dilationem ... vix umquam impetraturos, quae secundum prius ... [n]obiscum vel cum nuntiis nostris negotium hoc discutiendum se offerret oportereque nos intendere, ne nos ipsi privilegiis nostris derogaremus etc. Sic inter nos fuit discessum. Quid subsequetur, cum dominus Culmensis cum Gdanensibus maiorem fere partem consiliariorum sibi devi <n> xit, paulo post ex sententiis et votis illorum, quae ad me perscribi debent, experiar.

De iis et aliis rebus fortassis coram, Deo concedente, fusius. Quandoquidem non est, quod principi meo negare liceat, a quo habeo, quicquid indulgentia dedit Divina, neque me remorabuntur debita, quibus ob priores profectiones sum involutus, neque etiam affecta valetudo, quae tamen non parum quam prius firmior facta est, quin pientissimum dominum meum et Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam pro singulari amore meo et observantia, qua illam prosequor, reverenter videam et dulcissima eius fruar consuetudine. Consilii porro et prudentiae, quae mihi tribuitur, nihil in me sentio. Supervacaneum etenim et inutilem servum domino meo me esse existimo. Quodcumque tamen de me praebere possum, quod gratum et commodum esse putabitur, omni diligentia et fide praes[ta]bo.

Reliquum dicet scheda atque hoc praescriptum, ut p... scheda, sub mutua inter nos confisione habeat a Dominatione ... Vestra Reverendissima maiorem in modum oro. Cui et commendatissimus esse [cupio], et omnia precor faustissima.

Ex Braunsberg, XXIX Ianuarii M ....

Postscript No. 1:

Reverendissime mi Domine.

Per cubicularium regium, qui litteras Dominationis Vestrae Reverendissimae mihi reddidit, generosum d[ominum] [castellanum] Elbingensem, qui iam abierat, rogavi, ut rursum ad me Elbingum concederet, quod f[ecit] ... die non gravate. Cum eo de citatione contuli visumque nobis fuit, ut sine mora ...taretur in ea, licet commendatoriae non fiat diserte mentio, vocantur tamen citati [ad ea], quae in citatione exprimuntur, et ad omnia alia in termino obiicenda resp[on]suri, quae clausula ad multa commodabit.

Ego quidem, ut ingenue fatear, o[b] seram parsimoniam, quae iam in fundo est, velim non esse vocatus (sus[pi]ciones et odia contra me concepta nihil moror, quod adventu meo, s[icut] scribit Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima, dilui possint), verum domino meo, praeterea et commoniti[oni] Dominationis Vestrae Reverendissimae nihil negandum esse putavi. Venturus sum igitur, quemadmod[um] serenissimae maiestati regiae scripsi. Esset item non abs re, ut dominus castellanus Elbingensis me[cum] veniret, sed quasi aliis in rebus a maiestate regia vocatus. Hoc ut Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima efficiat, plurimum rogo. Accedet negotiis agendis admodum commodus.

Si nostri nuntios mittent, ut in litteris attigi (apud me adhuc in dub[io] est), vel quicquid in eo statuerint, de me tractabitur. Ut itaque adventus meus et domini castellani Elbingensis, ne passim sciatur, occultus sit, non puto ob multas rationes inutile. Quantum dominus Culmensis pro suis laboret omnesque exquirat modos, ut illis prosit et obsit regiis rebus, scribi nequit, neque minori in hoc studi[o] intendit castellanus Gdanensis, habentque suas factiones, immemores, quod domino suo debeant. Quod aperte liquet in litteris, quibus consilium contra rebelles dare debuerant, accusantes fere maiestatem regiam et suos quasi iniuriam passos excusantes, hocque non sine quibusdam minis, ob mu[l]titudinem variae et promiscuae plebis non secus atque illa contra regnum posset insurgere et ..., ([s]i diis placet) vim qu[a]nd[a]m inferr[e].

Nequeo satis mirari ... [con]fidentiam, ne dicam ... ...tant se maiestati regiae et domin... habent pro stip... velint persuasuros ...edi... maiestatem regiam ante meum ex[itum] ...tur, quod ex litteris eor[um] ... sit, quantum contra maiestatem [regiam] ... et rebus regiis inco... ...ur, ut ...nen ...titi et fidei suae meminerint, ne quid aliud contra eos vicissim iure optimo, quod non velit maiestas regia statuere, inducatur.

Expostulatorias litteras de commendaticiis ex Graudencio nuper datis dominus Culm[ensis] leviusculas esse dicebat neque responsione dignas. Ego tamen, si reli[qui] nollent me pro fide et honore meo conservando responsurum, dicebam addens, nos admodum faciles quacumque etiam in re, maxime quae maiestati regiae grata esse non posset, solere dare commendaticias ...re itaque, ut deinceps aula eas explodat. Ille hoc dictum pro ioco excepit, non versatus in aula et nescius, quid in ea coquatur. Eget ob id, ut penitius eam agnoscat, acriore quodam vellicatu. Quod certo in bonam illius partem scribo, nollem enim, ut in ea, quam sibi tribuit, libertate, gravius aliquando impingeret.

Apud vicinum est eius ex fratre nepos, quem in titulo scribit ducem Prussiae. I[l]li venisse obviam feruntur mille quingenti cum equitibus pedites. Quid cum illo et sororio tractatur, nondum comperi. Dabi[tur] opera ad expi<s>candum aliquid, accepi tamen, quod de matrimonio quodam agit[ur] et quod brevi ad vos sint ituri. Quicquid compertius habuero, postquam nuntius redierit, cum illo Dominationem Vestram reddam certiorem.

Quam impense oro, ut ea, quae videbuntur ex iis, quae scripsi, non indigna scient[iae] serenissimae maiestatis regiae, referre velit et litteras meas ad eius maiestatem sine arbitris legere, praesertim ne adsit primas, quem intellexi non parum mihi esse infensum et hoc ob negotium Pucense, in quo hau[d] dubie Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima mecum patitur. At cedendum non est, sed contraeundum audentius. Si Dominus Deus faverit, coram de omnibus securius cum [Dominatione] Vestra Reverendissima dabitur colloquium.

Cui me iterum atque iterum amicissime et intime commendo etc.

Postscript No. 2:

A serenissimo rege iuniore et regina clementissimas accepi litteras, quibus scribit schedam meam Dominationi Vestrae Reverendissimae iis diebus remisisse. De religione vero a me commonitus, ne libellis ex vicinia missis seduci se permitteret, ad pie et ..., ut nihil desiderare possem amplius se videlicet ... [v]erae antiquae pietatis observantia inconcussum ... ...tiens vitae suae dies permansurum eamque omnibus [viribus privatim et pu]blice defensurum etc. Quo adeo sum exhilaratus, ... [sin in]tervenisset iudiciarius iste conventus, cum ... iter in Lituaniam me pauco comitatu contulissem. ... [p]rius etiam maiestati eius scripseram, sed eius maiestas adventum m[eum] ... verno tempore rescripsit futurum commodiorem. Haec post litterarum obsignationem Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam celare non potui.

Cui me iterum diligentissime commendo etc.