Sacra Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊Caesarea et Catholica MaiestasCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋.

Superioribus diebus Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellisBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋ 1531-09-02⌊secunda die Septembris praeteriti1531-09-02⌋ Serenissimae Maiestati Vestrae nomine serenissimi domini mei Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regis PoloniaeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ exposui, quomodo ante aliquot tunc menses illustris princeps Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊Albertus marchio BrandenburgensisAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋ dux in Prussia ex sorore serenissimi domini mei nepos monitorio poenali ratione terrarum Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ ad instantiam administratoris designati Teutonic Order (Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum), military order founded at the end of the 12th century⌊ordinis TeutonicorumTeutonic Order (Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum), military order founded at the end of the 12th century⌋ peremptoria citatione fuerat ad Imperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌊iudicium camerae imperialisImperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌋ evocatus, ut intra octo septimanas terras Prussiae illi a serenissimo domino meo in feudum datas, sub poena banni Walther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌊administratori ordinisWalther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌋ restitueret vel elapsis octo septimanis intra nonaginta dies compareret propositurus iustas causas, cur ad eam restitutionem non teneatur et quod igitur serenissimus dominus meus illustri domino duci in Prussia vigore superioritatis suae prohibuerit ratione terrarum Prussiae et feudi super his concessi in iudicio camerae comparere et respondere, cum ad id pro suscepto a serenissimo domino meo feudo minime teneatur, quandoquidem ipsum dominum ducem in Prussia serenissimus dominus meus ut nepotem et principem Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regni suiPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ iure feudi, quod illi in terris suis Prussiae concessit, defendendum et pro eo respondendum susceperit. Dixique praeterea Sacratissimae Maiestati Vestrae et quemadmodum alia supra enumerata in scriptis dedi serenissimum dominum meum Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regem PoloniaeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ paratum esse semper iustis rationibus et causis sufficientibus contra adversariorum impetitiones iustitiam et iura sua, quae ad terras Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ praedecessores serenitatis eius et ipsa cum suis successoribus habuit semper et est habitura, demonstrare atque ex omni parte Deo bene favente tueri. Rogavi itaque eo tempore Sacratissimam Maiestatem Vestram impense Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimi domini meiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ nomine, ut hanc excusationem, quod ipse dominus Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊dux in PrussiaAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋ sic prohibitus non comparere aut respondere potuerit, pro mutuo fraterno amore et iustitia, quam serenissimus dominus meus in terras Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ habet atque etiam pro rerum Christianarum tranquillitate, qua ad praesens maxime egent, boni consulere et benigniter admittere dignaretur iuberetque Imperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌊iudicio cameraeImperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌋, ut ea in causa ulterius non procederet et subditum principem serenissimi regis mei cum Ducal Prussia⌊terris suisDucal Prussia⌋ a serenissimo rege meo in feudum acceptis cum istiusmodi iuris processu deinceps non molestaret, quo multa inconvenientia, quae inde oriri possent, evitarentur.

Ad ista mihi Sacratissima Maiestas Vestra responderi et Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimo domino meoSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ rescribi iussit negotium hoc spectare ad Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌊imperiumHoly Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌋, cuius eo tempore Imperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌊conventusImperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌋ in Speyer (Spira), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river, 25 km S of Mannheim⌊SpiraSpeyer (Spira), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river, 25 km S of Mannheim⌋ fuerat institutus et quod ibidem Sacratissima Maiestas Vestra datura esset operam, ut omnia ea fierent, quae iuribus et iustitiae serenissimi regis mei convenirent seque serenissimo domino meo nulla in re praeiudicaturam, sed quantum posset, gratificaturam. Cum autem Imperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌊Spirensis conventusImperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌋ exspirasset, interea quo iste conventus Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisbonaeRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ institutus esset, Imperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌊iudicium cameraeImperial Chamber Court (Iudicium Camerae Imperialis, Sąd Kameralny Rzeszy, Reichskammergericht), one of two highest judicial institutions in the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1495 at the Imperial Diet of Worms (the other one being the Aulic Council - Reichshofrat)⌋ in causa ad instantiam Walther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌊administratorisWalther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌋ processit et in vim contumaciae illustrem dominum Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊ducem in PrussiaAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋, sic a Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimo domino meoSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, ne compareret, prohibitum omnesque illi adhaerentes et faventes cum absolutione Inhabitants of Poland ⌊subditorum serenissimi domini regis meiInhabitants of Poland ⌋ a debito et iuramentis in mense Ianuario novissime praeterito bannitum declaravit et litteris suis per Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌊imperiumHoly Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌋ sic bannitum publicavit ac valvis et locis publicis affixit, quas ego litteras nuper Frankfurt am Main (Francofurtum ad Moenum, Frankenfordia), city in western Germany, Hesse⌊FrancfordiaeFrankfurt am Main (Francofurtum ad Moenum, Frankenfordia), city in western Germany, Hesse⌋ in nundinis in porta ecclesiae maioris affixas vidi et ad calcem perlegi. Quod cum Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimo domino meoSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ innotuerit, qui Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regni suiPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊principemAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋ subditum ratione feudi, quod illi concessit et ob quod ille bannitus est, non deseret neque iura sua tueri ommittet, quam graviter ferat, facilis est coniectura, praesertim cum numquam prius scriptum vel auditum est, quod pro terris Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ quispiam regalia ab Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌊imperioHoly Roman Empire of the German Nation (Empire, Reich, Imperium)⌋ ceperit vel illi paruerit praeterquam iste illustris dominus Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊dux Prussiae AlbertusAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋, tum ordinis magister, cum frustra serenissimo regi meo reluctaretur et superiore anno Teutonic Order (Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum), military order founded at the end of the 12th century⌊ordinisTeutonic Order (Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum), military order founded at the end of the 12th century⌋ istius Walther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌊administratorWalther von Cronberg (*1479 – †1543), 1526 German Master of the Teutonic Order; 1527 - Grand Master (as a successor of Albrecht von Hohenzollern)⌋. Certum autem est plures magistros Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ serenissimis regibus Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniaePoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ homagium praestitisse eosque principes regni Poloniae nuncupatos fuisse. De religionis desertione Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimus dominus meusSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ ipsum dominum Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊ducem PrussiaeAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋ non asserit aut pro eo intercedit, sed illis, quorum interest, liberum relinquit. Quae vero iura Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regniPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ sui concernunt, illis pro debito suo cogitur intendere et ea in suis limitibus conservare, quemadmodum Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenitatem eiusSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ et data Inhabitants of Poland ⌊regnicolisInhabitants of Poland ⌋ fides et sacramenta astringunt. Quapropter haec sic in notitiam Serenissimae Maiestatis Vestrae nomine Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimi dominiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ mei deducenda existimavi, cuius et nomine Serenissimam Maiestatem Vestram rogo summopere, velit haec apud se reputare et non permittere ob multa mala, quae ortum inde habere possent, bannum hoc Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊terrisPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ et Inhabitants of Poland ⌊subditisInhabitants of Poland ⌋ serenissimi regis mei aliqua in parte incommodare aut ulterius distendi quam mutuo fraterno amori et observantiae serenissimi domini mei atque publicae tranquillitati convenit. Quod Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimus dominus meusSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ omnibus fraternis studiis et officiis cum regno, dominiis et facultatibus suis Serenissimae Maiestati Vestrae, quam debita observantia et honore semper prosequitur, compensare sedulo studebit.

Et cum iam in nonum usque annum apud Sacram Maiestatem Vestram a Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimo domino meoSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ orator fuerim et tandem ab eius serenitate facultatem ad Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊patriamPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ et ad inhabitants of Kulm diocese ⌊oviculas measinhabitants of Kulm diocese ⌋ redeundi impetraverim Sacrae Maiestati Vestrae humiliter supplico, ut me tam benigno et pleno responso super his et aliis, quae in scriptis dedi, cum gratia sua clementer a se dimittere dignetur. Ubicumque et quodcumque futurus sum, semper futurus sum Sacrae Maiestatis Vestrae dedittissimus ac devotissimus famulus et capellanus

Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Orator PoloniaeIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋