AAWO, AB, D.3, f. [1v] not numbered after 128

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Culmensi, administrarori Pomesaniensi, domino amico et paper damaged⌈[et]et paper damaged⌉ patri honorandissimo

Löbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌊LubaviaeLöbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌋ in Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋

AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 125r

Reverendissime in Christo Pater, domine honorandissime.

Salutem.

Iam annus est, ex quo neque ex me quicquam, neque ego ex te vicissim litterarum accepi. In causa fuit, ut reor, quod nescieris, ubinam locorum fuerim, afui orig. abfui⌈afuiafui orig. abfui⌉ enim ab hac aula[1] frequenter. cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1535-12-06, CIDTC IDL 1379, Cum Andtverpiam venissemus, de te multus sermo fuit apud Veyt Herle et alios, an viveres, propterea quod nullus advenisset, qui certum aliquid nuntiasset⌊De te autem varius apud nos sermo fuit, multi iam decessisse praedicabant, praesertim Antwerp (Antwerpen, Antverpia), city in the Low Countries, from 1315 a Hanseatic port, in the 16th century the centre of Brabant’s artistic life and the wealthiest trade city in Europe, today in northern Belgium⌊AntverpiaeAntwerp (Antwerpen, Antverpia), city in the Low Countries, from 1315 a Hanseatic port, in the 16th century the centre of Brabant’s artistic life and the wealthiest trade city in Europe, today in northern Belgium⌋.cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1535-12-06, CIDTC IDL 1379, Cum Andtverpiam venissemus, de te multus sermo fuit apud Veyt Herle et alios, an viveres, propterea quod nullus advenisset, qui certum aliquid nuntiasset⌋ Hic autem tabellio a Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊civibusCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ tuis ad hanc aulam missus metum hunc mihi excussit vivere te adhuc asserendo. Quare ad te dare praesentes volui. Cum orig. Quum⌈CumCum orig. Quum⌉ cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌊postremae tuaecf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌋ huc perlatae essent, agebam tunc apud serenissimum Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊regem FerdinandumFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋, quo tunc advenit etiam orator serenissimi Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ tui magnificus dominus Piotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌊Petrus OpolynskyPiotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌋, cum quo multum de te sermonem habui, cuius an ad te pervenerit notitia orig. noticia⌈notitianotitia orig. noticia⌉, haud satis scio, contentionis tantum per Stanisław Kostka (*1487 – †1555), as a leader of the so-called nobles' party active in Royal Prussia since 1536, Kostka stood in opposition to most of the members of the Council of Royal Prussia, who wanted to maintain the autonomy of the province and a "balance of power" in terms of governance. The tension between the Prussian Subtreasurer and the Council had been increasing since the Diet in Graudenz (Grudziądz) in 1533. Kostka, connected with the royal court since his youth, was sent to Graudenz as the King's deputy and, contrary to custom, decided to take part in the proceedings. In response to such a step, the Council members stopped the meeting. Kostka accused them of hostility towards the Poles and intervened on this matter at the court. In the absence of the then Bishop of Ermland (Mauritius Ferber) it was Dantiscus who chaired the Graudenz Diet. The incident badly harmed his future relationships with Kostka; 1531-1555 Treasurer of the Prussian lands and Treasurer of Marienburg (Malbork); 1544-1545 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg), 1545-1546 Castellan of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546-1549 Vice-Voivode of Kulm; 1546-1551 Voivode of Pomerania; 1551-1555 Voivode of Kulm (PSB 14, p. 356; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 216; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 119-123)⌊castellanum(!) MarieburgensemStanisław Kostka (*1487 – †1555), as a leader of the so-called nobles' party active in Royal Prussia since 1536, Kostka stood in opposition to most of the members of the Council of Royal Prussia, who wanted to maintain the autonomy of the province and a "balance of power" in terms of governance. The tension between the Prussian Subtreasurer and the Council had been increasing since the Diet in Graudenz (Grudziądz) in 1533. Kostka, connected with the royal court since his youth, was sent to Graudenz as the King's deputy and, contrary to custom, decided to take part in the proceedings. In response to such a step, the Council members stopped the meeting. Kostka accused them of hostility towards the Poles and intervened on this matter at the court. In the absence of the then Bishop of Ermland (Mauritius Ferber) it was Dantiscus who chaired the Graudenz Diet. The incident badly harmed his future relationships with Kostka; 1531-1555 Treasurer of the Prussian lands and Treasurer of Marienburg (Malbork); 1544-1545 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg), 1545-1546 Castellan of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546-1549 Vice-Voivode of Kulm; 1546-1551 Voivode of Pomerania; 1551-1555 Voivode of Kulm (PSB 14, p. 356; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 216; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 119-123)⌋ delationisque apud aures Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria

Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌊principumSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria

Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌋ tuorum memini. Nonnihil circa id largior <fuit> dolereque vicem tuam quamplures viros bonos non dissimulans.[2] Fuit Piotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌊illePiotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌋ paulo post in Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliamItaly (Italia)⌋, quibus successibus, mihi incertum.

Ego vero redii in Flanders (Flandria), county in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, today corresponding to the Belgian provinces of Western Flanders and Eastern Flanders, the region of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen in the Netherlands and part of the Département du Nord in France⌊FlandriamFlanders (Flandria), county in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, today corresponding to the Belgian provinces of Western Flanders and Eastern Flanders, the region of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen in the Netherlands and part of the Département du Nord in France⌋, ubi redditae fuere mihi cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌊postremaecf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌋ tuae, quas semel tantum perlectas cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ Bruges (Brugia, Brugge), city in the Low Countries, in the County of Flanders, in the 13th-15th centuries one of the most important commercial ports and trading centres in Europe, today in Belgium⌊BrugisBruges (Brugia, Brugge), city in the Low Countries, in the County of Flanders, in the 13th-15th centuries one of the most important commercial ports and trading centres in Europe, today in Belgium⌋ relinquissem sperans eo brevi redire, ibam enim in Holland, county in the Low Countries, today part of the Netherlands⌊HollandiamHolland, county in the Low Countries, today part of the Netherlands⌋, postea non vidi neque enim datum fuit eo proficisci posse, et non raro afui orig. abfui⌈afuiafui orig. abfui⌉, quo fi written over u⌈uii written over u⌉t, ut ita sigillatim nequeam ad illas respondere, summam tantum attingam. Ea fuit neque scriptis, neque silentio quicquam deperire tibi amoris erga me. Reliqua in iis, quae occurebant, consumebantur.

Plurima circa rem Danicam[3] erant, de quibus tecum quam paucissimis, abire enim rursus cogor cras atque haud scio, an ad Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ in Gallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌊Galliam NarbonensemGallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌋, an ad expeditionem Gallicam, quam mari paramus. Principio neque taciturnitas, neque frequentia litterarum intermutatura sunt observantiam meam erga te, vix enim credo in hoc corpore mutuum inter nos conspectum fore tanto intervallo dissitis(!) instead of dissitos⌈dissitis(!)dissitis(!) instead of dissitos⌉ tamque contrariis principum populorumque studiis.

Novarum autem apud nos rerum quam plurimum est cotidie orig. quotidie⌈cotidiecotidie orig. quotidie⌉que emergit. Dum ego apud serenissimum Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊Rhomanorum regemFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ ago, emersit hic quidam terrae filius Meindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌊Meynhardus von HamMeindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌋ aliquot peditum dux, qui partim se Charles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌊ducis GhelriaeCharles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌋, partim Christian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌊HolsatiaeChristian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌋, nonnumquam The French ⌊FrancorumThe French ⌋ AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 125v nomine venditabat, neque clam fuit, si conatus successisset, his regionibus grande periculum per illum instare occasiones inventurum quaslibet ad nocendum, sed provisum subito fuit. Priusquam tamen succurri potuit, munierat Meindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌊isMeindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌋ fortius quam tumultuario opere oppidum Appingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌊DamAppingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌋ inhabitants of Province of Groningen ⌊Groningensibusinhabitants of Province of Groningen ⌋ omnem aditum occlusurus eosque ad praefati Charles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌊Ghelriae ducisCharles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌋ iugum attracturus, dein progressurus longius. inhabitants of Province of Groningen ⌊Illiinhabitants of Province of Groningen ⌋ indignum rati principi subesse, qui cotidie orig. quotidie⌈cotidiecotidie orig. quotidie⌉ novas illis molestias facesseret simulandoque libertatem qualemcumque omnino everteret, respexere ad Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, cuius aequum bonumque, et minime tyrannicum regimen[4] longe fortius propugnaculum est, quam quivis murus ferreus, addo etiam adamantinus. Suscepti in defensionem adversus communem insidiatorem Meindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌊MeynhardumMeindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌋. Capta sunt arma, obsessum Appingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌊DamAppingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌋ non contemnendis viribus a viro tibi amico illustri domino Georg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌊Georgio SchenckGeorg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌋ gubernatore.[5] Tenuit obsidio in secundum mensem, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ subito nuntiata orig. nunciata⌈nuntiatanuntiata orig. nunciata⌉ sunt aliquot milia obsessis venire subsidio ab illustrissimo Christian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌊Holsatiae duceChristian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌋, qui se regem Denmark (Dania)⌊DaniaeDenmark (Dania)⌋ electum vocat, transmissa. Praecesserat orig. Precesserat⌈PraecesseratPraecesserat orig. Precesserat⌉ q(ui)d(em) aliquot ante dies rumor adventare suppetias, ceterum neque tam cito adfore, neque iis animis ausuros perrumpere arbitrabamur, quo factum, ut nec tria milia peditum et septingenti equites gravis armaturae, qui in supplementum mittebantur, adhuc eo venerint, dum idem Georg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌊GeorgiusGeorg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌋ Godschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌊Godtscalco nostro SaxokaroloGodschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌋ ductore, consultore et exsecutore orig. executore⌈exsecutoreexsecutore orig. executore⌉ ex castris obviam profectus est ad miliaria quattuor. Ibi fuga verius quam pugna fuit, neque enim puto decem caesos orig. cesos⌈caesoscaesos orig. cesos⌉, omnes autem fugere captosque se praebuere numero sane multi interque eos non pauci ex nobilitate Holsatica, Saxonibus, Ghelrensibus, ex nostris praeter unum equitem non audio quemquam desideratum orig. desyderatum⌈desideratumdesideratum orig. desyderatum⌉. Habuit Georg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌊GeorgiusGeorg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌋ vexilla peditum octo, equites centum gravis armaturae, hosti hidden by binding⌈[ti]ti hidden by binding⌉bus erant peditum vexilla septem, eques nullus. Sed si venissent Appingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌊DammumAppingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌋ seque aliis coniunxissent, magnum sane periculum imminuisset hidden by binding⌈[t]t hidden by binding⌉ regionibus istis.

Gestum est id die quinta Augusti, quo tempore cum orig. qu[u]m⌈cumcum orig. qu[u]m⌉ obsessos speraremus deditionem facturos, frustrati spe sumus atque opinione diutius tenuerunt. Demum pertinacia victa est seque die sexta huius mensis dedidere iis pactis, ut milites incolumes relictis bonis armisque, virga alba tantum egrederentur, duces suos, hoc est praefatum Meindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌊Meynhardum von HamMeindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌋, qui se regem ligonum voca hidden by binding⌈[a]a hidden by binding⌉ AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 126r bat et anababtisticam resuscitare conabatur, et Bernt van Hackfort (Barend van Hackfort, Berend van Hackfort) (*ca. 1475 – †1557), Guelders nobleman and army leader, son of Jacob van Hackfort (1435-1503) and Margriet van Essen (+ 1526), ca. 1504 married to Margaretha van Egmong, daughter of Hendrik van Egmong (+ 1511) and Agnes Kreijnck (van Baak) (+ 1513). 1521 landdrost of Zutphen, 1524 stadtholder-general of Oversticht. Army leader at the service or the Duke of Guelders, upon the taking of Apppingedam captured by Schenck van Toutenburg, released afterwards. One of the signatories of the treaty of Venlo (1543)⌊Bernhardum de HacquefoortBernt van Hackfort (Barend van Hackfort, Berend van Hackfort) (*ca. 1475 – †1557), Guelders nobleman and army leader, son of Jacob van Hackfort (1435-1503) and Margriet van Essen (+ 1526), ca. 1504 married to Margaretha van Egmong, daughter of Hendrik van Egmong (+ 1511) and Agnes Kreijnck (van Baak) (+ 1513). 1521 landdrost of Zutphen, 1524 stadtholder-general of Oversticht. Army leader at the service or the Duke of Guelders, upon the taking of Apppingedam captured by Schenck van Toutenburg, released afterwards. One of the signatories of the treaty of Venlo (1543)⌋ lanttrostz Duchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌊GhelriaeDuchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌋, in arbitrium victoris tradidere exemplo sane etiam apud nos ignominioso, sed iusto Dei tamen iudicio. Victor Georg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌊GeorgiusGeorg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌋ adhuc aliquid aggreditur, de quo nondum nobis constat. Quid de captivis futurum sit, non paper damaged⌈[n]n paper damaged⌉ sane scio. Meindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌊MeynhardoMeindert van Ham (Meinhard von Hamm) (*ca. 1470 – †after 1545), commander of mercenary soldiers in the service of Balthasar Oomkens von Esens, Christian III of Oldenburg, Georg der Bärtige, Duke of Saxony and Charles II of Guelders, chief assistant of the commander of the Guelders army Maarten van Rossum. During the Guelderian Wars in 1536 he occupied Appingedam, terrorised from there the Groninger "Ommelanden" (the region around Groningen) and threatened to invade Holland. In that same year he was defeated by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg⌋ scio duriora omnia fore. Et haec in Frisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌊FrisiaFrisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌋.

Frisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌊UbiFrisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌋ dum haec ita geruntur, valida apud nos classis parabatur subsidio ventura obsessae Copenhagen (København, Hafnia), city in Denmark, on the Zeeland and Amager islands⌊civitati HaffnensiCopenhagen (København, Hafnia), city in Denmark, on the Zeeland and Amager islands⌋, quae subsidium Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareae maiestatisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ imploraverat, eamque ad rem illustrissimus dux Friedrich II of Wittelsbach der Weise (*1482 – †1556), Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector of Pfalz (1544-1556); in 1529 and 1532 the Commander in Chief of the imperial army; son of Philipp der Aufrichtige, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (NDB, Bd. 5, p. 528-530)⌊Fridericus palatinusFriedrich II of Wittelsbach der Weise (*1482 – †1556), Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector of Pfalz (1544-1556); in 1529 and 1532 the Commander in Chief of the imperial army; son of Philipp der Aufrichtige, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (NDB, Bd. 5, p. 528-530)⌋ cum nonnullis non parvae auctoritatis orig. authoritatis⌈auctoritatisauctoritatis orig. authoritatis⌉ huc advenerat. Ceterum, dum et bellum Gallicum nos occupat, et in Frisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌊FrisiaFrisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌋ miles distinetur in obsidione Appingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌊DammiAppingedam (Daam, Dam), city in the Low Countries, ca 20 km NE of Groningen, in 1536 Appingedam was occupied by Meindert van Ham, a mercenary captain at the service of Charles of Guelders. In September 1536 he was expelled from Appingedam by Georg Schenck von Tautenburg, Governor of Frisia (1521) and Overijssel (1528) on behalf of Emperor Charles V. After this Tautenburg also became Governor of Groningen and Drenthe (both in 1536); today in the Netherlands⌋, nonnullaque alia interveniunt, elapsa est e manibus occasio deditioque per cives facta. Classis adhuc in ancoris orig. anchoris⌈ancorisancoris orig. anchoris⌉ est parata omnique genere armorum et commeatuum onusta. In eam nunc animus est aliquot peditum milia duce domino Adolf of Burgundy (dominus de Beveris, Lord of Beveren) (*1489 or 1490 – †1540), Lord of Veere and Beveren; from 1517 admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands⌊de BeverisAdolf of Burgundy (dominus de Beveris, Lord of Beveren) (*1489 or 1490 – †1540), Lord of Veere and Beveren; from 1517 admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands⌋ amico tuo dominoque Reinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌊de BrederodeReinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌋, quibus Godschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌊GodtscalcusGodschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌋ et ego adiuncti ex parte Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ sumus, conicere orig. coniicere⌈conicereconicere orig. coniicere⌉ atque in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊FranciamFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ traicere orig. traiicere⌈traiceretraicere orig. traiicere⌉. Deus fortunet.

Parte alia illustres domini comites Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (*1483 – †1538), son of Count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg and Elisabeth of Hessen, married to Mencia de Mendoza, Marquess of Zenete, daughter and heiress of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza, first Marquis of Zenete; Count of Nassau; from 1499 in the service of Archduke Philip of Habsburg as his advisor and military commander in the wars against France and Gueders (1507, 1514), 1515-1522 Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland; 1521 Grand Chamberlain of Charles V of Habsburg (from 1522 to 1529 at the Spanish court), in 1530 followed Charles V to the coronation in Bologna, and attended the Diet of Augsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 5)⌊de NassawHendrik III of Nassau-Breda (*1483 – †1538), son of Count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg and Elisabeth of Hessen, married to Mencia de Mendoza, Marquess of Zenete, daughter and heiress of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza, first Marquis of Zenete; Count of Nassau; from 1499 in the service of Archduke Philip of Habsburg as his advisor and military commander in the wars against France and Gueders (1507, 1514), 1515-1522 Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland; 1521 Grand Chamberlain of Charles V of Habsburg (from 1522 to 1529 at the Spanish court), in 1530 followed Charles V to the coronation in Bologna, and attended the Diet of Augsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 5)⌋ et Adrien de Croÿ (*ca. 1475 – †1553), Count of Le Roeulx⌊de ReulxAdrien de Croÿ (*ca. 1475 – †1553), Count of Le Roeulx⌋ magnus magister curiae una cum domino Louis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌊de Prato CathoneLouis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌋, viro bono et prudente, non contemnendum exercitum terra duxerunt in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊FranciamFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋. In quo sunt peditum Germanorum supra decem milia ducibus Konrad von Boyneburg der Ältere (von Bem(m)elberg, der kleine Hess) (*1494 – †1567), commander of the landsknechts in the service of Emperor Charles V⌊klein HessKonrad von Boyneburg der Ältere (von Bem(m)elberg, der kleine Hess) (*1494 – †1567), commander of the landsknechts in the service of Emperor Charles V⌋ et Wolf Dietrich von Pfird ⌊Wolf Dethrico von PfirdtWolf Dietrich von Pfird ⌋ totidemque milia peditum nostratium sub ductu diversorum, equitum autem gravis armaturae supra quattuor milia cum ingente vi machinarum magnoque numero voluntariorum. Hi magnum metum incussere The French ⌊GallisThe French ⌋, qui non sunt ausi campestri cum illis acie concurrere, sed moenibus sese tutati sunt et adhuc tutantur, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉que in his confinibus nostris The French ⌊FranciThe French ⌋ fortissima habeant oppida et ob id spes neque consilium sit in illis oppugnandis tempus terere, per occasionem tamen aliquot non ignobilia expugnavere interque alia Guise, town in northern France, province of Picardy, department of the Aisne⌊GuisamGuise, town in northern France, province of Picardy, department of the Aisne⌋ in Champagne, region of France⌊CampaniaChampagne, region of France⌋(!), Bouchain, town and castle in northern France⌊BouhainumBouchain, town and castle in northern France⌋, Cléry-sur-Somme, region in northern France⌊CleryCléry-sur-Somme, region in northern France⌋ aliaque in Picardy, region in northern France⌊PicardiaPicardy, region in northern France⌋. Nunc ante Péronne, town and castle in northern France, province of Picardie, district of the Somme⌊PeronamPéronne, town and castle in northern France, province of Picardie, district of the Somme⌋ haerent non tam expugnandi oppidi spe, quippe quod munitissimum virisque et armis instructissimum est, quam ut indignitate hac provocent et eliciant Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊GallumFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ tam superbum olim, AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 126v ut minarum iraeque memor acie contendat. Sedere ante id oppidum iam diebus, ni fallor, viginti aut circiter bombardisque et machinis valde laceravere, nonnumquam tentantes, an per occasionem expugnare possent, sed non ita facile est inexpugnabili urbi atque instructissimae iugum inicere orig. iniicere⌈inicereinicere orig. iniicere⌉. Neque tamen Gallus adhuc aliquis comparuit. Iam instat hiems neque tamen remittit impetus nostrorum adeo, ut omnino videatur futurum, ut non nisi cum alterius partis excidio bellum finiatur.

Charles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌊Gheldriae dux written over ius⌈iusduxdux written over ius⌉Charles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌋ plus damni ex hoc bello suscepit amissa Groningen, town in the Low Countries, incorporated to the Habsburg Netherlands in 1536, today in the Netherlands⌊GroningaGroningen, town in the Low Countries, incorporated to the Habsburg Netherlands in 1536, today in the Netherlands⌋ cum toto Province of Groningen, province in the Habsburg Netherlands, today in the Netherlands⌊territorioProvince of Groningen, province in the Habsburg Netherlands, today in the Netherlands⌋, quod continet vicos centum et sexaginta, ni fallor, divites et opulentos, periculoque exposita reliqua portione, quam ex Utrecht diocese⌊Traiectensi dioecesi orig. diocesi⌈dioecesidioecesi orig. diocesi⌉Utrecht diocese⌋ occupatam, arcibus Coevorden, town and castle in the Low Countries, County (Landschap) of Drenthe, today in the Netherlands, province of Drenthe⌊CoevoerdeCoevorden, town and castle in the Low Countries, County (Landschap) of Drenthe, today in the Netherlands, province of Drenthe⌋, Burcht Wedde (Wedderborcht), castle in the Low Countries, in the village Wedde, southeastern Groningen⌊WeddaBurcht Wedde (Wedderborcht), castle in the Low Countries, in the village Wedde, southeastern Groningen⌋ et Castle Kinkhorst in the town of Meppel, castle in the Netherlands, Drenthe province; castle no longer in existence (HOEKSTRA, p. 125-126)⌊MeppellCastle Kinkhorst in the town of Meppel, castle in the Netherlands, Drenthe province; castle no longer in existence (HOEKSTRA, p. 125-126)⌋ munitam adhuc tenet. Nomen illi est The land of Twente, county in the north east of the Low Countries, in 1528 as part of the Oversticht acquired from the bishop of Utrecht by Charles V of Habsburg; from then part of the Lordship of Overijssel; today in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. De Schepper here uses the term in a broader sense: Coevorden and Meppel are situated in Drenthe, and Wedde in the Ommelanden.⌊TwendaeThe land of Twente, county in the north east of the Low Countries, in 1528 as part of the Oversticht acquired from the bishop of Utrecht by Charles V of Habsburg; from then part of the Lordship of Overijssel; today in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. De Schepper here uses the term in a broader sense: Coevorden and Meppel are situated in Drenthe, and Wedde in the Ommelanden.⌋. In The land of Twente, county in the north east of the Low Countries, in 1528 as part of the Oversticht acquired from the bishop of Utrecht by Charles V of Habsburg; from then part of the Lordship of Overijssel; today in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. De Schepper here uses the term in a broader sense: Coevorden and Meppel are situated in Drenthe, and Wedde in the Ommelanden.⌊eamThe land of Twente, county in the north east of the Low Countries, in 1528 as part of the Oversticht acquired from the bishop of Utrecht by Charles V of Habsburg; from then part of the Lordship of Overijssel; today in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. De Schepper here uses the term in a broader sense: Coevorden and Meppel are situated in Drenthe, and Wedde in the Ommelanden.⌋ conversurus est conatus suos. Idem illustris dominus Georg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌊GeorgiusGeorg Schenck van Tautenburg (*1480 – †1540), 1521-1540 Stadtholder of Frisia, Stadtholder of Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen, Bailiff of Coevorden (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 327-328; AT 13, p. 339; CE, vol. 3, p. 218)⌋, quid facturus sit, in incerto est, praefectum tamen Burcht Wedde (Wedderborcht), castle in the Low Countries, in the village Wedde, southeastern Groningen⌊arcis WeddaeBurcht Wedde (Wedderborcht), castle in the Low Countries, in the village Wedde, southeastern Groningen⌋ pretio cepit et filium praefecti in Coevorden, town and castle in the Low Countries, County (Landschap) of Drenthe, today in the Netherlands, province of Drenthe⌊CoevordenCoevorden, town and castle in the Low Countries, County (Landschap) of Drenthe, today in the Netherlands, province of Drenthe⌋. Accedit, quod licet non contemnendae sint arces illae, opera tamen industriaque, prout alia omnia mortali manu facta, capi possunt ablata spe subsidii, quandoquidem Charles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌊GhelrioCharles II of Guelders (Karel van Egmond) (*1467 – †1538), Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen (1492-1538)⌋ plus animi quam virium est et Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊GallusFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ periclitatur de regno universo. Primogenitum Francis III of Valois (*1518 – †1536), Duke of Brittany, Dauphin of France; son of King Francis I of France⌊filiumFrancis III of Valois (*1518 – †1536), Duke of Brittany, Dauphin of France; son of King Francis I of France⌋ amisit. Henry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌊Aurelianensis duxHenry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌋ non satis valetudine constat. France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊RegnumFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ ipsum, si non ab hostibus, certe ab ipsiusmet militibus peius quam ab hostibus tractatum est. Condicio orig. Conditio⌈CondicioCondicio orig. Conditio⌉ nostra paulo melior est, nam externum hostem necdum sensimus bellum in hostili regione hactenus educantes. Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CaesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ ad Rhône (Rhodanus), river in Switzerland and France⌊RhodanumRhône (Rhodanus), river in Switzerland and France⌋ usque terra penetravit famaque capti Arles (Arelate), town in southern France, Provence⌊ArelateArles (Arelate), town in southern France, Provence⌋ ad nos pervenit, certum tamen nihil exinde habemus tanto terrarum spatio orig. spacio⌈spatiospatio orig. spacio⌉ dissiti.

Quocumque oculos corporis mentisque vertimus, plena omnia sunt tumultuum, seditionum, cladium, pavoris, infidelitatis, impietatis. Lugere lubet religionem nostram Christianam exstinctam orig. extinctam⌈exstinctamexstinctam orig. extinctam⌉ plane non ibi modo, quo vix loco umquam orig. unquam⌈umquamumquam orig. unquam⌉ fuit, sed ubique. Avaritiae, libidini nullus limes, nulla meta constituta, quo fit, ut vere diu praesagiverimus futura tempora, in quibus abesse quam adesse optandum foret magis. Tu interim in otio orig. ocio⌈otiootio orig. ocio⌉ tuo felix, si modo felicitas orig. foelicitas⌈felicitasfelicitas orig. foelicitas⌉ aliqua est multa videre, quae AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 127r deplorare magis possis, quam emendare. Qualia, non dubito, multa tibi ob oculos obversari, etiamsi ab aula es remotissimus. Ego ab his scopulis nondum potui navim meam divertere, nimirum hoc saeculo orig. seculo⌈saeculosaeculo orig. seculo⌉, quod totum hominem requirit. Quod nisi nostra iuvenum adhuc opera, diligentia laboreque prospiciatur reipublicae, haud scio, an non plane deserenda erit navis custodia permittendaque vela ventis et tempestatibus. Quae res, ut patientius multa feram, monet. Sed haec alias.

Venio ad tertium membrum cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌊epistulaecf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Löbau (Lubawa), 1536-02-24, CIDTC IDL 1421⌋ tuae, de rebus Danicis. Quantum infelix illud Denmark (Dania)⌊regnumDenmark (Dania)⌋ pertulerit calamitatum quantumque adhuc immineat, sane non est dictu facile. Quid etenim boni sperandum, ubi miles longo iam bello malefacere assuetus liberum ad quidvis perpetrandum campum habet? Ibine ms. Ibi ne(!) ⌈IbineIbine ms. Ibi ne(!) ⌉ verisimile est ab ecclesia temperaturos, qui multo iam usu Dei oblivisci didicerunt? Ibine ms. Ibi ne(!) ⌈IbineIbine ms. Ibi ne(!) ⌉ bonae leges introducentur, ubi religionis nulla cura, tantum ut quisque, quantum potest, corradat? Miseret me sane illarum provinciarum, miseret Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaeGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋, quoties per illam discurro, quae adeo cultum omnem Dei abiecit, ut multis iam saeculis orig. seculis⌈saeculissaeculis orig. seculis⌉ ignorasse videatur. Aequabilior sors apud The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcasThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ mihi visa, ubi licet aegre exterius, in animis tamen et cordibus firmior est erga Deum confidentia, firmior miserorum, qui in captivitate servituteque degunt, in Deum spes et confidentia, magis ab ambitione avaritiaque, quae duo religionem haud dubie pervertunt discordia, quam in longe plurimis Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaeGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ provinciis. Certe spes erat reformari posse ecclesiae statum, sed iam despondi animum in hac diversitate ingeniorum.

Ad Denmark (Dania)⌊DaniamDenmark (Dania)⌋ redeo. Audio post deditam Copenhagen (København, Hafnia), city in Denmark, on the Zeeland and Amager islands⌊HafniamCopenhagen (København, Hafnia), city in Denmark, on the Zeeland and Amager islands⌋ coeptos orig. ceptos⌈coeptoscoeptos orig. ceptos⌉ esse in carcerem trudi Joachim Rønnow (*1500 – †1542), 1529-1536 Bishop of Roskilde

Knud Henriksen Gyldenstierne (†1560), 1529-1534, 1535-1536 Bishop of Odense

Jørgen Andersen Friis (*ca. 1494 – †1547), 1521-1536 Bishop of Viborg

Stygge Krumpen (*ca. 1485 – †1551), 1533-1536 Bishop of Børglum

Torbern Bille (†1552), 1532-1536 Archbishop of Lund⌊episcoposJoachim Rønnow (*1500 – †1542), 1529-1536 Bishop of Roskilde

Knud Henriksen Gyldenstierne (†1560), 1529-1534, 1535-1536 Bishop of Odense

Jørgen Andersen Friis (*ca. 1494 – †1547), 1521-1536 Bishop of Viborg

Stygge Krumpen (*ca. 1485 – †1551), 1533-1536 Bishop of Børglum

Torbern Bille (†1552), 1532-1536 Archbishop of Lund⌋ et primates viros, quorum opera potissimum ad regnum pervenisse illustrissimus Christian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌊Holsatiae duxChristian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌋ fertur. Quod si ita est, non sane alia de causa accidisse puto, quam, ut ne rursus deficiant toties vela flexisse comperti, hacque in parte non improbo consilium stabilire Christian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌊volentisChristian III of Oldenburg (*1503 – †1559), 1534-1559 King of Denmark and Norway, 1523-1559 Duke of Holstein and Schleswig; son of Frederick I of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, and his first consort, Anna of Brandenburg⌋ principatum. Exempla tamen me deterrent et, dum audio istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉ ita suppeditari ecclesiam et apud vos Gdańsk (Danzig, Dantiscum), city in northern Poland, on the Bay of Gdańsk at the mouth of the Vistula, on the Baltic, the biggest and wealthiest of the three Great Prussian Cities (Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (Elbląg)) with representation in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌊GedaniGdańsk (Danzig, Dantiscum), city in northern Poland, on the Bay of Gdańsk at the mouth of the Vistula, on the Baltic, the biggest and wealthiest of the three Great Prussian Cities (Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (Elbląg)) with representation in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌋ nonnullos identidem Ioannes Magnus (Ioannes Store, Jöns Månsson, Ioannes Magni) (*1488 – †1544), doctor of theology, diplomat in the service of Pope Adrian VI and Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden. In the years 1526-1531 he was staying in Gdańsk as a royal envoy. After his banishment from Sweden by Protestants, he remained in this city until 1537; in this year he went to Italy, where he took part in the Council of Mantua; 1506 Canon of Linköping and Skara, 1523 Papal Nuncio to the new King of Sweden Gustav Vasa; in the same year Provost of the Strängnäs Chapter and Bishop of Västerås, 1523-1544 Archbishop of Uppsala (consecrated by the Pope in 1533) (MAGNUS 1992, p. 9-11; CE, vol. 2, p. 368)

Hans Brask (Ioannes Brask) (*1464 – †1538), The last Catholic bishop of Linköping (1513-1527), doctor of canon law, follower of and advisor to King Gustav Vasa of Sweden. In 1527, after the Diet in Västerås had made the decision to introduce the Reformation in Sweden, Brask went into exile to Poland, where he spent the rest of his life (CHAMARCZUK, passim)

Magnus Haraldi (Magnus Haraldsson), In 1529 he left Sweden and went to Denmark and then to the Habsburg Netherlands; 1523-1529 Bishop of Skara (the election was not approved by the Pope. In 1529 Haraldi was deposed by the King) (NISBET BAIN, p. 112-113)⌊expulsos ex Sweden (Suecia)⌊SwetiaSweden (Suecia)⌋Ioannes Magnus (Ioannes Store, Jöns Månsson, Ioannes Magni) (*1488 – †1544), doctor of theology, diplomat in the service of Pope Adrian VI and Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden. In the years 1526-1531 he was staying in Gdańsk as a royal envoy. After his banishment from Sweden by Protestants, he remained in this city until 1537; in this year he went to Italy, where he took part in the Council of Mantua; 1506 Canon of Linköping and Skara, 1523 Papal Nuncio to the new King of Sweden Gustav Vasa; in the same year Provost of the Strängnäs Chapter and Bishop of Västerås, 1523-1544 Archbishop of Uppsala (consecrated by the Pope in 1533) (MAGNUS 1992, p. 9-11; CE, vol. 2, p. 368)

Hans Brask (Ioannes Brask) (*1464 – †1538), The last Catholic bishop of Linköping (1513-1527), doctor of canon law, follower of and advisor to King Gustav Vasa of Sweden. In 1527, after the Diet in Västerås had made the decision to introduce the Reformation in Sweden, Brask went into exile to Poland, where he spent the rest of his life (CHAMARCZUK, passim)

Magnus Haraldi (Magnus Haraldsson), In 1529 he left Sweden and went to Denmark and then to the Habsburg Netherlands; 1523-1529 Bishop of Skara (the election was not approved by the Pope. In 1529 Haraldi was deposed by the King) (NISBET BAIN, p. 112-113)⌋ in exilio agere sublata spe omni redeundi in patriam, video in Septentrione deploratum AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 127v de fide Christiana rerumque habenas ad fugitivos monachos et apostatas esse redactas. Quare valere sinamus regna illa cum suis toparchis, et nos, quae a maioribus nostris per manus accepimus, ea retineamus, in illis consenescamus, si modo Deus vitam annuerit.

En habes omnem seriem rerum, quae apud nos sunt. Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊CivesCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ tui per hunc tabellionem scripsere ad Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginamMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ parum civiliter, adeo, quisquis ille scriba fuit, ab acerbitate non potuit calamum continere. Nihil hic Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊concivibusCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ illis tuis impedimenti accidit. Paucos ad dies non Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊illisCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ modo, sed et The English (Angli) ⌊AnglisThe English (Angli) ⌋, The Portugueses ⌊PortugallensibusThe Portugueses ⌋, The Scots ⌊ScotisThe Scots ⌋, The Spaniards ⌊HispanisThe Spaniards ⌋, The Dutch ⌊nostratibusThe Dutch ⌋ omnibus denique nationibus interdictum fuit, ne navigarent. Aliquot ex illis navigia ad servitium assumpta sunt, quibus ex fide atque integre satisfactum est. Aliis permissum, ut abirent. Haec causa tragoediae, hinc voces illae iniustitiae orig. iniusticiae⌈iniustitiaeiniustitiae orig. iniusticiae⌉ contra foedera, pacta, spem, rationem, violenter coactae coangustate aliaeque quamplures, quibus litterae plenae orig. plaenae⌈plenaeplenae orig. plaenae⌉ sunt. Certe non est usque adeo vilipendendus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ aut contemnenda Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginaMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋, ut non deceat, etiam si aliquid tale esset, abstinere tamen ab huiusmodi acerbitatibus, quae ad rem non ita multum pertinent.

Quae ad te scripta volui, nam Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginaMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ paucis respondet et longe ante adventum nuntii orig. nuncii⌈nuntiinuntii orig. nuncii⌉ libertas unicuique navigandi concessa erat. Immo orig. Imo⌈ImmoImmo orig. Imo⌉ id honoris vobis Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊GedanensibusCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ impendimus, quod navim unam vestram pro praetoria nostra assumpsimus, in qua domini Adolf of Burgundy (dominus de Beveris, Lord of Beveren) (*1489 or 1490 – †1540), Lord of Veere and Beveren; from 1517 admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands⌊de BeverisAdolf of Burgundy (dominus de Beveris, Lord of Beveren) (*1489 or 1490 – †1540), Lord of Veere and Beveren; from 1517 admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands⌋, Reinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌊BrederodeReinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌋, Godschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌊GodtscalcusGodschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌋ et ego navigaturi sumus (nam dum haec scribo, iussum est, ut navigem) non sine dolore Hollandorum, qui praerogaturam hanc e suo corpore alicui navi concessam volebant. Non hic dico, quae vulgo feruntur, nec a me creduntur conspirasse Citizens of Gdańsk ⌊vestratesCitizens of Gdańsk ⌋ adversum regiones istas. Certe non ita multum videntur abhorrere ab hoc litterae istae, sed si ita est, poterat idem illud modeste agi, namque ubi facto opus est, illic non adeo multum verbis necessum est agere. Sed quae ad id causa vobis subministrata sit, non adeo intelligo, nisi forte universalis quaedam Erinyes (Eumenides, Furies, Dirae) ⌊ErynnisErinyes (Eumenides, Furies, Dirae) ⌋ mundum nunc vexat, ut, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ possit, in pace vivere nolit.

Quicquid tamen exinde sequetur, nos fortiter feremus, quibus magnitudo et fortuna Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊principisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ undique ciet graves inimicitias, addo etiam luxus et opulentia, cuius tamen ingens detractio facta est et diluviis et frequentia bellorum. Ego sane si consulere vobis possem, in eam magis partem declinarem, quae pacem suaderet. Neque enim, si pereundum nobis est, aut soli, aut AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 128r inulti peribimus atque, ut poeta ait, cf. Verg. A. spargimus, et nostro sequitur de vulnere sanguis 12.51 ⌊et nostro sequitur de vulnere sanguiscf. Verg. A. spargimus, et nostro sequitur de vulnere sanguis 12.51 ⌋. Necdum adeo fortunae paenitet certique sumus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊principemCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ nostrum pro innata erga Deum et rempublicam devotione tandem victorem evasurum. Id non tam ex vaticiniis, cuius generis multa passim nec incertis auctoribus orig. authoribus⌈auctoribusauctoribus orig. authoribus⌉ aut eventibus sparsa sunt, quam ex Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊illiusCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ intentione, quam scio Christianam vereque orig. vaereque⌈verequevereque orig. vaereque⌉ piam esse, neque quicquam ambire alienum, tantum ut vires liceat adversum The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcasThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ convertere. Sunt classes, milites, animi neque desunt nervi bellorum – pecuniae. Quandocumque nos vexavit magnitudo diluviorum, frequentia bellorum, necessitas rerum agendarum, nondum tamen perventum est eo, ut a nobis exactus sit obolus orig. obulus⌈obolusobolus orig. obulus⌉ unus praeter ordinarium, nec ipsum magnum aut ingens. Quodque in difficilibus rebus fieri solet, exactio videlicet et impositio oneris extraordinarii ad edulia orig. aedulia⌈eduliaedulia orig. aedulia⌉, liquores resque mercatorias, qua extorsione principes Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliaeItaly (Italia)⌋ divites fiunt et opulenti, id hic adhuc omnino ignoratur. Tantum abest, ut vel vicesimam, vel decimam, vel sextam, addo etiam tertiam partem bonorum, id quod alibi fieri etiam ab Evangelicis in Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ principibus videmus, hic adhuc exegerimus. Quod non ad ostentationem opum, quippe nulla respublica propior ad perniciem est, quam dum maxime opulenta est, plurimaeque superinscribed in place of crossed-out pluresque⌈pluresque plurimaeque plurimaeque superinscribed in place of crossed-out pluresque⌉ civitates, donec paupertate laborabant, viguere, quas opulentia postea absumpsit, que sed ideo dico, ne quis faciles putet res nostras. Abunde orig. habunde⌈AbundeAbunde orig. habunde⌉ opum est, dum volumus, neque virium pudet aut paenitet, iuventus enim nostra sub laboriosissimo Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ iam assuevit militiae oneribus exp(er)rel(?)ientiam de se et oboedientiae orig. obedientiae⌈oboedientiaeoboedientiae orig. obedientiae⌉ et animositatis sufficientem hoc bello elargiti.

In summa, cuperem inter nos et vos amicitiam esse, ut nobis viris bonis liceat subinde sine suspicione orig. suspitione⌈suspicionesuspicione orig. suspitione⌉ mutuo per litteras fabulari. Quae, quo sit minus, per nos certe non stat, sed vos non desinitis ab expugnatione, quod aiunt, Troy (Troia, Ilium, Ilion), city in northwestern Anatolia, known for being the setting of the Trojan War described in the ancient Greek Epos⌊TroiaeTroy (Troia, Ilium, Ilion), city in northwestern Anatolia, known for being the setting of the Trojan War described in the ancient Greek Epos⌋ damnorum memoriam inculcare renovareque. cf. Vulg. Sir 10:6:1 omnis iniuriae proximi ne memineris; Cic. Red. Sen. 23.5-7 non est mei temporis iniurias meminisse, quas ego etiam si ulcisci possim, tamen oblivisci mallem; Sen. Dial. 4.32.2 M. Catonem ignorans in balineo quidam percussit inprudens; quis enim illi sciens faceret iniuriam? Postea satis facienti Cato, „non memini” inquit „me percussum.” Melius putavit non agnoscere quam vindicare; Sen. Ep. 81.6.6-8 alter ille remissior iudex, quem esse me malo, iniuriae oblivisci iubebit, officii meminisse ⌊Prudentum est non omnium iniuriarum meminissecf. Vulg. Sir 10:6:1 omnis iniuriae proximi ne memineris; Cic. Red. Sen. 23.5-7 non est mei temporis iniurias meminisse, quas ego etiam si ulcisci possim, tamen oblivisci mallem; Sen. Dial. 4.32.2 M. Catonem ignorans in balineo quidam percussit inprudens; quis enim illi sciens faceret iniuriam? Postea satis facienti Cato, „non memini” inquit „me percussum.” Melius putavit non agnoscere quam vindicare; Sen. Ep. 81.6.6-8 alter ille remissior iudex, quem esse me malo, iniuriae oblivisci iubebit, officii meminisse ⌋. Et nobis nostra sunt, quae vobis imputemus, ne perpetuo sit ad superinscribed⌈adad superinscribed⌉ Traneuam or Tranduam⌈TraneuamTraneuam or Tranduam⌉ accepta AAWO, AB, D.3, f. 128v clades in ore. Sed de his nimis, dum me detinet amor pacis, quam optare magis, quam sperare possumus.

Tu interim valetudinem hidden by binding⌈[nem]nem hidden by binding⌉ cura fruareque dulcissimae Christine Schultze (Christine Scholcz) (†1539), mother of Ioannes Dantiscus (PSB 4 Dantyszek, s. 424)⌊matrisChristine Schultze (Christine Scholcz) (†1539), mother of Ioannes Dantiscus (PSB 4 Dantyszek, s. 424)⌋ consuetudine, ego Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxoremElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ iam proximam partui, quae sese tibi affectuosissime commendat, Neptuni me commissurus relinquo.

Libros, quorum mentionem facis, nolui his iniquissimis temporibus ad te mittere. Proximo vere, quo sese hidden by binding⌈[e]e hidden by binding⌉ res efferent, videbimus. Scribe, si lubet, per The Fuggers German family of merchants and bankers that dominated European business during the 15th and 16th centuries⌊FoccharosThe Fuggers German family of merchants and bankers that dominated European business during the 15th and 16th centuries⌋, nam si ex expeditione Gallica redire detur, hiemem orig. hyemem⌈hiememhiemem orig. hyemem⌉ apud Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxoremElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ sum hidden by binding⌈[m]m hidden by binding⌉ transacturus. Et rectissime vale.

Salutat item te Joanna Donche sister of Elisabeth Donche⌊sororJoanna Donche sister of Elisabeth Donche⌋ Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxorisElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ meae, Catharina Laurijn (†1556), the youngest child of Elisabeth Donche and Pieter Laurijn, wife of Johann le Gros, alderman of the Brugse Vrije (Franc of Bruges) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 316)⌊filiaCatharina Laurijn (†1556), the youngest child of Elisabeth Donche and Pieter Laurijn, wife of Johann le Gros, alderman of the Brugse Vrije (Franc of Bruges) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 316)⌋ et Miklós Oláh (Nicolaus Olaus) (*1493 – †1568), Hungarian humanist and poet; from 1526 secretary to King Louis II Jagiellon and in the same year, after the Battle of Mohács, to Queen Mary of Hungary, from 1543 Chancellor of Ferdinand I, 1543-1548 Bishop of Zagreb, 1548-1553 Bishop of Eger, 1553-1568 Archbishop of Esztergom (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 110-111)⌊OlahusMiklós Oláh (Nicolaus Olaus) (*1493 – †1568), Hungarian humanist and poet; from 1526 secretary to King Louis II Jagiellon and in the same year, after the Battle of Mohács, to Queen Mary of Hungary, from 1543 Chancellor of Ferdinand I, 1543-1548 Bishop of Zagreb, 1548-1553 Bishop of Eger, 1553-1568 Archbishop of Esztergom (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 110-111)⌋. Wolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌊HallerWolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌋ in Austria⌊AustriaAustria⌋ est, Johan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌊LundensisJohan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌋ in Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋.

Iterum vale, Domine et Pater ex animo honorande.

Ocissime orig. Ocyssime⌈OcissimeOcissime orig. Ocyssime⌉ ex Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellisBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋, die XIII-o Septembris XV-c XXXVI.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae ex animo inservitor, amicus hidden by binding⌈[us]us hidden by binding⌉ et filius Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelius Scepperus hidden by binding⌈[rus]rus hidden by binding⌉Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1] ab hac aula: the court of Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊Mary of HungaryMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋, Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands, in Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BrusselsBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋.

[2] De Schepper refers here to the conflict of Dantiscus with the Polish-Prussian noble, sub-treasurer of the Prussian lands and treasurer of Marienburgsee Stanisław Kostka (*1487 – †1555), as a leader of the so-called nobles' party active in Royal Prussia since 1536, Kostka stood in opposition to most of the members of the Council of Royal Prussia, who wanted to maintain the autonomy of the province and a "balance of power" in terms of governance. The tension between the Prussian Subtreasurer and the Council had been increasing since the Diet in Graudenz (Grudziądz) in 1533. Kostka, connected with the royal court since his youth, was sent to Graudenz as the King's deputy and, contrary to custom, decided to take part in the proceedings. In response to such a step, the Council members stopped the meeting. Kostka accused them of hostility towards the Poles and intervened on this matter at the court. In the absence of the then Bishop of Ermland (Mauritius Ferber) it was Dantiscus who chaired the Graudenz Diet. The incident badly harmed his future relationships with Kostka; 1531-1555 Treasurer of the Prussian lands and Treasurer of Marienburg (Malbork); 1544-1545 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg), 1545-1546 Castellan of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546-1549 Vice-Voivode of Kulm; 1546-1551 Voivode of Pomerania; 1551-1555 Voivode of Kulm (PSB 14, p. 356; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 216; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 119-123)⌊Stanisław KostkaStanisław Kostka (*1487 – †1555), as a leader of the so-called nobles' party active in Royal Prussia since 1536, Kostka stood in opposition to most of the members of the Council of Royal Prussia, who wanted to maintain the autonomy of the province and a "balance of power" in terms of governance. The tension between the Prussian Subtreasurer and the Council had been increasing since the Diet in Graudenz (Grudziądz) in 1533. Kostka, connected with the royal court since his youth, was sent to Graudenz as the King's deputy and, contrary to custom, decided to take part in the proceedings. In response to such a step, the Council members stopped the meeting. Kostka accused them of hostility towards the Poles and intervened on this matter at the court. In the absence of the then Bishop of Ermland (Mauritius Ferber) it was Dantiscus who chaired the Graudenz Diet. The incident badly harmed his future relationships with Kostka; 1531-1555 Treasurer of the Prussian lands and Treasurer of Marienburg (Malbork); 1544-1545 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg), 1545-1546 Castellan of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546-1549 Vice-Voivode of Kulm; 1546-1551 Voivode of Pomerania; 1551-1555 Voivode of Kulm (PSB 14, p. 356; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 216; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 119-123)⌋, that made Dantiscus fall out of favour with the Polish King and Queen, see cf. Stanisław Bodniak, "Stanisław Kostka wojewoda chełmiński (1487-1555)", in: Rocznik Gdański 11 (1937), Gdańsk, 1938, p. 279-289 ⌊BODNIAKcf. Stanisław Bodniak, "Stanisław Kostka wojewoda chełmiński (1487-1555)", in: Rocznik Gdański 11 (1937), Gdańsk, 1938, p. 279-289 ⌋.

[3] De Schepper refers here to the issue of the succession to the throne of Denmark, which was discussed at lengtht in his previous cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1535-12-06, CIDTC IDL 1379;
Cornelis DE SCHEPPER & Godschalk ERICKSEN (SASSENKERLE) to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1542-01-30, CIDTC IDL 2531⌊letterscf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1535-12-06, CIDTC IDL 1379;
Cornelis DE SCHEPPER & Godschalk ERICKSEN (SASSENKERLE) to Ioannes DANTISCUS Brussels, 1542-01-30, CIDTC IDL 2531⌋.

[4] after regimen superinscribed in the other hand quod

[5] after gubernatorem added in the margin in the other hand Phrisiae