BCz, 1597, p. 184

Reverendissimo in Christo Pateri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo VarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino et maiori observandissimo

BCz, 1597, p. 181

Reverendissime in Christo Pater et Domine, domine et patrone perpetuo observande.

Salutem et studiorum meorum sedulam commendationem.

Celare non possum Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram dominum Alexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌊AlexandrumAlexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌋ his diebus ad me scripsisse, quid Georg von Suchten Sr (*ca. 1480 – †after 1538-10), brother-in-law of Alexander Sculteti, father of Alexander, Canon of Ermland (Warmia), and Georg; 1520-1526 alderman in Gdańsk (Danzig) (ZDRENKA 1, p. 339)⌊Georgius de SuchtenGeorg von Suchten Sr (*ca. 1480 – †after 1538-10), brother-in-law of Alexander Sculteti, father of Alexander, Canon of Ermland (Warmia), and Georg; 1520-1526 alderman in Gdańsk (Danzig) (ZDRENKA 1, p. 339)⌋ de actis Gutstadensibus certior factus responderit. Video illum, posteaquam de iure Martinus Lupi at least in 1540 in the service of Heinrich II von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, as his procurator in Rome (PÖLNITZ 1, p. 500, footnote 262)⌊Martini LupiMartinus Lupi at least in 1540 in the service of Heinrich II von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, as his procurator in Rome (PÖLNITZ 1, p. 500, footnote 262)⌋ paulo ante desperato certum se iam putat redditum, spem omnem convertisse in canonicatum domini Paweł Snopek (*after 1480 – †1554), close collaborator of Ioannes Dantiscus; Econom of the Dominium Ermland (Warmia); in 1524 mentioned as Canon of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) for the first time; 1528-1554 Provost of Guttstadt; 1536-1538 Canon of Ermland (in December 1538 he was forced to resign in favour of Alexander von Suchten; in 1543 he regained this prebend but two years later had to step aside for Kaspar Hannau) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 308; SBKKDM, p. 103; SBKW, p. 227; PSB 39/3, p. 405-406)⌊PauliPaweł Snopek (*after 1480 – †1554), close collaborator of Ioannes Dantiscus; Econom of the Dominium Ermland (Warmia); in 1524 mentioned as Canon of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) for the first time; 1528-1554 Provost of Guttstadt; 1536-1538 Canon of Ermland (in December 1538 he was forced to resign in favour of Alexander von Suchten; in 1543 he regained this prebend but two years later had to step aside for Kaspar Hannau) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 308; SBKKDM, p. 103; SBKW, p. 227; PSB 39/3, p. 405-406)⌋ praepositi accepta iam ex Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊urbeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ contra possessorem citatione, cuius ut fidem mihi faceret, dominus Alexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌊AlexanderAlexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌋ litteras compulsorias mihi cernendas huc misit, aditurus brevi ipse Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram ac petiturus, ut liceat Alexander von Suchten (*ca. 1520 – †1576-1590), doctor of medicine, alchemist, poet; studied in Leuven, Ferrara, Rome, Bologna and Padua; as a nephew of Alexander Sculteti, accused of heresy and sentenced in 1545 to lose a canonry and hereditary property; 1538-1545 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1549 court physician and librarian of Ottheinrich of Palatinate-Neuburg; 1557 court physician of Sigismund Augustus in Vilnius (PSB 45/3, p. 337-338)⌊nepotuloAlexander von Suchten (*ca. 1520 – †1576-1590), doctor of medicine, alchemist, poet; studied in Leuven, Ferrara, Rome, Bologna and Padua; as a nephew of Alexander Sculteti, accused of heresy and sentenced in 1545 to lose a canonry and hereditary property; 1538-1545 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1549 court physician and librarian of Ottheinrich of Palatinate-Neuburg; 1557 court physician of Sigismund Augustus in Vilnius (PSB 45/3, p. 337-338)⌋ suo contra dominum Paweł Snopek (*after 1480 – †1554), close collaborator of Ioannes Dantiscus; Econom of the Dominium Ermland (Warmia); in 1524 mentioned as Canon of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) for the first time; 1528-1554 Provost of Guttstadt; 1536-1538 Canon of Ermland (in December 1538 he was forced to resign in favour of Alexander von Suchten; in 1543 he regained this prebend but two years later had to step aside for Kaspar Hannau) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 308; SBKKDM, p. 103; SBKW, p. 227; PSB 39/3, p. 405-406)⌊PaulumPaweł Snopek (*after 1480 – †1554), close collaborator of Ioannes Dantiscus; Econom of the Dominium Ermland (Warmia); in 1524 mentioned as Canon of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) for the first time; 1528-1554 Provost of Guttstadt; 1536-1538 Canon of Ermland (in December 1538 he was forced to resign in favour of Alexander von Suchten; in 1543 he regained this prebend but two years later had to step aside for Kaspar Hannau) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 308; SBKKDM, p. 103; SBKW, p. 227; PSB 39/3, p. 405-406)⌋ ius suum praesequi, aut citra litem possessione frui, servata pensione aliqua domino Paulo. Postulavit ea in re meas quoque commendatitias ad Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram, quas cum negare non possum, dedi quidem, sed tales, ut dubitem, an eas redditurus sit. Velim autem, eas sic accipiat Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra, ut noverit me ab eius animo nusquam dissensurum esse. Ut vero de re ipsa iudicare melius possit, addidi praesentibus exemplum litterarum Georg von Suchten Sr (*ca. 1480 – †after 1538-10), brother-in-law of Alexander Sculteti, father of Alexander, Canon of Ermland (Warmia), and Georg; 1520-1526 alderman in Gdańsk (Danzig) (ZDRENKA 1, p. 339)⌊Georgii SuchtenGeorg von Suchten Sr (*ca. 1480 – †after 1538-10), brother-in-law of Alexander Sculteti, father of Alexander, Canon of Ermland (Warmia), and Georg; 1520-1526 alderman in Gdańsk (Danzig) (ZDRENKA 1, p. 339)⌋, quod ad me dominus Alexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌊AlexanderAlexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌋ misit. Verum Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra dissimulet se praemonitam a me, audiet enim omnia ab ipso auctore. Ego non improbarim, si Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra paulo suspendat deliberationem, dum a domino Felix Reich (*ca. 1475 – †1539), secretary to Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland (Warmia), and his chaplain; from 1518 Chancellor to succeeding Bishops of Ermland: Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) and Mauritius Ferber; 1518-1525 Provost of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) Collegiate Chapter; 1526-1539 Canon of Ermland; 1528 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1529-1532 administrator of the Chapter's estates in Allenstein (Olsztyn), and in 1538 in Tolkemit (Tolkmicko); 1538-1539 Vicar General of the diocese of Ermland, and Custos of Ermland; 1528-1530 envoy of the Ermland Chapter to the Provincial Diet of Royal Prussia (KOPICZKO 2, p. 265-266; BORAWSKA 1984, p. 176-177; SBKW, p. 200-201)⌊FeliceFelix Reich (*ca. 1475 – †1539), secretary to Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland (Warmia), and his chaplain; from 1518 Chancellor to succeeding Bishops of Ermland: Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) and Mauritius Ferber; 1518-1525 Provost of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) Collegiate Chapter; 1526-1539 Canon of Ermland; 1528 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1529-1532 administrator of the Chapter's estates in Allenstein (Olsztyn), and in 1538 in Tolkemit (Tolkmicko); 1538-1539 Vicar General of the diocese of Ermland, and Custos of Ermland; 1528-1530 envoy of the Ermland Chapter to the Provincial Diet of Royal Prussia (KOPICZKO 2, p. 265-266; BORAWSKA 1984, p. 176-177; SBKW, p. 200-201)⌋ nostro rem resciscamus. Nam videtur mihi hic lupus Romanus nescio quid vulpinari et de una fidelia offerre utrique.

Tenet me aliquantulum solicitudo de iuramento, quod nuper a Reverendissima Dominatione Vestra nomine Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊summi pontificisPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ accepi, si quando a me illius fides exigatur. Quare si Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra non putaverit opus, ut ipsae ad me bullae mittantur, saltem earum exempla mihi transcripta mittere non gravetur. Reverendissimum dominum Łukasz Górka (Łukasz of Górka) (*1482 – †1542), 1499-1507 Castellan of Spycimierz; 1507-1511 Castellan of Ląd; 1508-1535 General Starost of Wielkopolska; 1511-1535 Castellan of Poznań; 1535-1537 Voivode of Poznań; 1538 Bishop of Włocławek (PSB 8, p. 409-412)⌊Lucam Vladislaviensem episcopumŁukasz Górka (Łukasz of Górka) (*1482 – †1542), 1499-1507 Castellan of Spycimierz; 1507-1511 Castellan of Ląd; 1508-1535 General Starost of Wielkopolska; 1511-1535 Castellan of Poznań; 1535-1537 Voivode of Poznań; 1538 Bishop of Włocławek (PSB 8, p. 409-412)⌋ audio consecrationis munus eodem quo ego die acce Poznań (Posen, Posnania), city in west-central Poland, Wielkopolska, on the Warta river⌊PosnaniaePoznań (Posen, Posnania), city in west-central Poland, Wielkopolska, on the Warta river⌋ accepisse. Quod mea quoque referre ideo puto, quod scio dominos Polonos non solere magnis functionibus, nisi auspicato, initiari. Ego vero me divina gratia magis quam astrorum ope inauguratum optem.

Dolens accepi dominum Felix Reich (*ca. 1475 – †1539), secretary to Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland (Warmia), and his chaplain; from 1518 Chancellor to succeeding Bishops of Ermland: Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) and Mauritius Ferber; 1518-1525 Provost of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) Collegiate Chapter; 1526-1539 Canon of Ermland; 1528 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1529-1532 administrator of the Chapter's estates in Allenstein (Olsztyn), and in 1538 in Tolkemit (Tolkmicko); 1538-1539 Vicar General of the diocese of Ermland, and Custos of Ermland; 1528-1530 envoy of the Ermland Chapter to the Provincial Diet of Royal Prussia (KOPICZKO 2, p. 265-266; BORAWSKA 1984, p. 176-177; SBKW, p. 200-201)⌊FelicemFelix Reich (*ca. 1475 – †1539), secretary to Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland (Warmia), and his chaplain; from 1518 Chancellor to succeeding Bishops of Ermland: Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) and Mauritius Ferber; 1518-1525 Provost of Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto) Collegiate Chapter; 1526-1539 Canon of Ermland; 1528 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1529-1532 administrator of the Chapter's estates in Allenstein (Olsztyn), and in 1538 in Tolkemit (Tolkmicko); 1538-1539 Vicar General of the diocese of Ermland, and Custos of Ermland; 1528-1530 envoy of the Ermland Chapter to the Provincial Diet of Royal Prussia (KOPICZKO 2, p. 265-266; BORAWSKA 1984, p. 176-177; SBKW, p. 200-201)⌋ custodem valetudine mala laborare ac contiuno reiectare sanguinem, quod non bonae rei iudicium esse suspicor. Dominus servet utriusque nostrum amantissimum ac virum integrum et ecclesiae utilitati natum.

Terrificum est, quod auditur, Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊TurcamSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ universae Duchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌊ValachiaeDuchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌋ do dominari spontanea deditione populi, postquam princeps ad John Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌊IoannemJohn Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌋ Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊UngariaeHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋ regem se recepisset, haec cum scribit doctor Jan Benedyktowicz Solfa (Ioannes Benedicti de Trebul, Ioannes Benedicti Solpha) (*1483 – †1564), physician, lawyer, poet and historian; in 1541 ennobled by Emperor Charles V of Habsburg; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Glogau (Głogów); from 1522 court physician of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; from 1526 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); from ca. 1528 Canon of Vilnius; from 1529 Canon of St. John’s Collegiate Church in Warsaw; from 1531 Custos of Łowicz; from 1538 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); from 1539 Canon of Sandomierz; from 1547 Canon of Cracow and Provost of Ermland (KOŻUSZEK, passim)⌊Ioannes BenedictiJan Benedyktowicz Solfa (Ioannes Benedicti de Trebul, Ioannes Benedicti Solpha) (*1483 – †1564), physician, lawyer, poet and historian; in 1541 ennobled by Emperor Charles V of Habsburg; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Glogau (Głogów); from 1522 court physician of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; from 1526 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); from ca. 1528 Canon of Vilnius; from 1529 Canon of St. John’s Collegiate Church in Warsaw; from 1531 Custos of Łowicz; from 1538 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); from 1539 Canon of Sandomierz; from 1547 Canon of Cracow and Provost of Ermland (KOŻUSZEK, passim)⌋ e Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋.

Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae me commendo, quam ut Dominus servet et tutatur in felici valetudine precor.

Löbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌊LubaviaeLöbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌋, die XXI Octobris 1538.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae deditissimus Tiedemann Giese Jr (*1491 – †1556), 1525, 1526, 1531 alderman in Gdańsk; 1533 - consenior; 1536 - senior; 1539 - councillor; 1540-1556 mayor; 1547, 1555 - burgrave; nephew of the Ermland bishop Tiedemann Giese (ZDRENKA 2, p. 114)⌊Tidemannus episcopus CulmensisTiedemann Giese Jr (*1491 – †1556), 1525, 1526, 1531 alderman in Gdańsk; 1533 - consenior; 1536 - senior; 1539 - councillor; 1540-1556 mayor; 1547, 1555 - burgrave; nephew of the Ermland bishop Tiedemann Giese (ZDRENKA 2, p. 114)⌋